基于多频点阻抗的梯次利用电池分选技术研究  

Research on battery sorting technology for echelon utilization based on multifrequency impedance

作　　者：范茂松 耿萌萌 赵光金 杨凯 王放放 刘皓 FAN Maosong;GENG Mengmeng;ZHAO Guangjin;YANG Kai;WANG Fangfang;LIU Hao(China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China;State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450052,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192 [2]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2023年第7期2202-2210,共9页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(4000-202324092A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：退役电池在梯次利用前需要经过重新的分选,使得其能够满足应用场景对电池性能的要求,目前梯次利用电池分选成本较高,成为限制其规模化应用的技术瓶颈。为降低分选环节成本,提升电池梯次利用的技术经济性,本工作首先通过研究梯次利用电池不同状态的交流阻抗特性,提取了表征电池状态的特征频点,建立了基于多频点的梯次利用SOH评估模型;然后,对于新型号的梯次利用电池,通过测试少量样本的交流阻抗和SOH数据,对模型进行优化;最后,采用开路电压、多频点阻抗和估算容量作为参量进行梯次利用电池分选,并与传统分选方法进行了对比。实验结果表明,优化后的模型对新型号电池SOH评估的最大误差在3%以内,平均绝对百分误差(MAPE)为1.93%,与未优化模型相比,评估误差显著降低;采用本工作方法分选电池组的循环性能与传统方法非常接近,验证了该分选方法的有效性;同时,该方法可大幅缩短梯次利用电池分选时间,具有良好的工程应用价值。Retired batteries must be resorted before echelon utilization,enabling them to meet the requirements of application scenarios for battery performance.The high cost of battery sorting for echelon utilization has become a technical bottleneck limiting its large-scale application.To reduce the cost of sorting and improving the technical and economic efficiency of battery echelon utilization,this study first studies the AC impedance characteristics of echelon-utilization batteries in different states,extracts characteristic frequency points to characterize battery states,and establishes a multifrequency point-based state of health(SOH) evaluation model for echelon utilization.Then,for developing a new model for echelon-utilization batteries,the model is optimized by testing the AC impedance and SOH data of a small number of samples.Finally,the open circuit voltage,multifrequency impedance,and estimated capacity were used as parameters for echelon-utilization battery sorting and compared with traditional sorting methods.The experimental results show that the maximum error of the optimized model in evaluating the SOH of the new battery model is within 3% and the MAPE is 1.93%,i.e.,there is a significant reduction in the evaluation error compared to the unoptimized model.The cycling performance of battery pack sorting using this method is very close to that of traditional methods,which verifies the effectiveness of this sorting method.Moreover,this method can considerably shorten the sorting time of echelon-utilization batteries and has good engineering application value.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 梯次利用 交流阻抗谱 分选技术 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]