Centromere repositioning and shifts in wheat evolution  

作　　者：Jing Zhao Yilin Xie Chuizheng Kong Zefu Lu Haiyan Jia Zhengqiang Ma Yijing Zhang Dangqun Cui Zhengang Ru Yuquan Wang Rudi Appels Jizeng Jia Xueyong Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China [2]National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China [3]Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China [4]Agronomy College/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China [5]Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China [6]Agriculture Victoria Research,Department of Economic Development,Jobs,Transport and Resources,AgriBio,Bundoora,VIC 3083,Australia [7]University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《Plant Communications》2023年第4期117-131,共15页植物通讯（英文）

基　　金：supported by funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1003402);the China Natural Science Foundation(31371622);the CAAS Innovation Program.

摘　　要：The centromere is the region of a chromosome that directs its separation and plays an important role in cell division and reproduction of organisms.Elucidating the dynamics of centromeres is an alternative strategy for exploring the evolution of wheat.Here,we comprehensively analyzed centromeres from the de novoassembled common wheat cultivar Aikang58(AK58),Chinese Spring(CS),and all sequenced diploid and tetraploid ancestors by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing,whole-genome bisulfite sequencing,RNA sequencing,assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing,and comparative genomics.We found that centromere-associated sequences were concentrated during tetraploidization and hexaploidization.Centromeric repeats of wheat(CRWs)have undergone expansion during wheat evolution,with strong interweaving between the A and B subgenomes post tetraploidization.We found that CENH3 prefers to bind with younger CRWs,as directly supported by immunocolocalization on two chromosomes(1A and 2A)of wild emmer wheat with dicentromeric regions,only one of which bound with CENH3.In a comparison of AK58 with CS,obvious centromere repositioning was detected on chromosomes 1B,3D,and 4D.The active centromeres showed a unique combination of lower CG but higher CHH and CHG methylation levels.We also found that centromeric chromatin was more open than pericentromeric chromatin,with higher levels of gene expression but lower gene density.Frequent introgression between tetraploid and hexaploid wheat also had a strong influence on centromere position on the same chromosome.This study also showed that active wheat centromeres were genetically and epigenetically determined.

关 键 词：wheat evolution centromere repositioning epigenetic modifications 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]