荒山绿化对野生新疆郁金香传粉昆虫多样性的影响  

Effect of afforestation on the diversity of pollinators associated with Tulipa sinkiangensis

作　　者：刘鹤佳 张鑫[2,3,4] 马德英 吕昭智 LIU He-Jia;ZHANG Xin;MA De-Ying;LV Zhao-Zhi(Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control of Crops and Forests,College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;The Specimen Museum of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Plant and Health,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所标本馆,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]青岛农业大学植物医学学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2023年第3期586-594,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901128);中国科学院“西部之光:西部青年学者”项目(2018-XBQNXZ-B-019);新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目(2019AB023)。

摘　　要：为探究荒山绿化模式下对野生新疆郁金香Tulipa sinkiangensis传粉昆虫多样性的影响,选取乌鲁木齐市雅玛里克山设置长期绿化区、短期绿化区和自然生境3个环境梯度,采取样线和样方调查等方法进行新疆郁金香传粉昆虫多样性的研究。共收集传粉昆虫共316头,隶属17科23属36种,优势种为黑腹膝芒寄蝇Gonia picea。不同绿化梯度下物种丰富度指数相似,但随着荒山绿化进程的推进传粉昆虫多样性指数、均匀度指数呈下降趋势,自然生境最高(2.719;0.941),长期绿化区最低(1.299±0.311;0.553±0.076)。长期绿化区和短期绿化区之间物种组成极不相似;长期绿化区和自然生境以及短期绿化区和自然生境之间物种组成均为中等不相似。同时发现,树木胸径对传粉昆虫多样性具有显著负面影响(P=0.047)。研究表明,未来荒山绿化工程应提高生态异质性,避免大片纯林的单一种植模式。In order to study the effect of afforestation on the diversity of pollinator insects associated with Tulipa sinkiangensis.Three afforestation gradients(Long-term afforestation;Short-term afforestation;Natural habitat)were set up in Yamalike Mountain of Urumchi,transects and quadrats were used to collect and investigate pollinator insects among three afforestation gradients in Yamalike Mountain during the florescence of T.sinkiangensis.As a result,a total of 316 species of pollinator insects were collected and identified,which belong to 23 genera and 17 families.The dominant species is Gonia picea.The results showed that species richness were similar among three gradients,but Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index decrease as the afforestation progress advances.The natural habitats showed the highest pollinator diversity and evenness(2.719;0.941),while the long-term afforestation areas showed the lowest(1.299±0.311;0.553±0.076).Pollinator species composition showed low similarity at different afforestation gradients,with long-term afforestation areas being extremely dissimilar to short-term afforestation areas,and moderate dissimilarity among other gradients.A significant negative effect of tree diameter at breast height on the diversity of pollinators was detected by GLM analysis,which indicated the advance of afforestation process was the most influential factors.Future afforestation projects should consider ecological heterogeneity,avoid monoculture afforestation pattern.

关 键 词：荒山绿化 新疆郁金香 传粉昆虫多样性 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]