《理虚元鉴》虚劳辨治特色  

The Characteristics of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Consumptive Diseases in Primary Mirror of Rectifying Deficiency

作　　者：宋媛媛 张欣怡 田虎[1] SONG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Xinyi;TIAN Hu(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan,Shandong,China,250355)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,山东济南250355

出　　处：《河南中医》2023年第8期1171-1174,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：山东中医药大学2022年大学生创新项目(2022093);山东中医药大学大健康产业新业态研究青年科研探索项目(22202141)。

摘　　要：《理虚元鉴》将虚劳之因分为先天、后天两大方面,先天来源于父母,后天源于自身及自身所受外界之损害,包括感染痘疹,伤及五脏;五脏失调,伤于外感;苦于境遇,伤人气血;用药不当,气血失调等。提出虚劳诸症,因火而起,但不同脏腑之火性质不同,发展出了“虚火伏火”理论。对于虚证的治疗,提出了“三本二统论”,将阳虚之证归于脾,阴虚之证归于肺,治疗以肺、脾、肾三脏为要。将虚劳的防护总结为“知节”“知防”“二护”“三候”“二守”“三禁”几个方面,知节为七情要有所控制;“知防”为防四时六淫;二护为护足、护肩俞与眉际;三候为节气相交、季节更替时注意调护;二守为守时服药,坚持摄养;“三禁”为禁燥烈、禁苦寒、禁伐气。虚劳属慢性疾病,病情不危急,可缓缓摄生调养,但若出现危急病重之症,当以急救为先,不得延误时机。In Primary Mirror of Rectifying Deficiency,the causes of consumptive diseases are divided into two aspects:congenital and ac⁃quired.Congenital causes come from parents,and acquired causes come from themselves and their own damage,including infection with acne leading to injury to the five viscera,five viscera disorder coming from external pathogens,suffering from circumstances harming qi and blood,improper use of drugs,complex conditions,etc.In this work,it is proposed that various symptoms of consumptive diseases a⁃rise from fire,but the nature of the fire in different zang⁃fu organs is different,so the theory of"deficient fire and latent fire"has been developed.In terms of treatment,"the theory of three fundamental and two dominant organs"is put forward,which believes that the syn⁃drome of yang deficiency belongs to the spleen,while yin deficiency belongs to the lung,so the treatment should focus on the lung,spleen,and kidney.The prevention of consumptive diseases is summarized as"attention to control","attention to prevention","two protection","three periods of five days","two obedience",and"three prohibitions"."Attention to control"means seven emotions should be properly controlled."Attention to prevention"means seasonal wind,cold,summer heat,dampness,dryness and fire should be prevented."Two protection"means protection for foot,for shoulder points and eyebrow."Three periods of five days"means that people should pay attention to care when the solar terms intersect and the seasons change."Two obedience"means taking medicine on time,and adhering to life cultivation."Three prohibitions"means that people should prohibit severe dryness,bitter cold and desolation.How⁃ever,consumptive disease is a chronic disease,and the condition is not urgent,so step⁃by⁃step life cultivation can be adopted.For a pa⁃tient with severe consumptive disease,the first aid should be taken without any delay.

关 键 词：虚劳 虚火伏火 《理虚元鉴》 “三本二统论” 

分 类 号：R255.5[医药卫生—中医内科学]