锥形齿与平面齿切削碳酸盐岩特征对比分析  

Comparative Analysis on Characteristics of Cutting Carbonate Rocks with Conical and Planar Cutters

作　　者：傅新康 黄中伟[1] 史怀忠[1] 吴洪志 何森林 熊超 赫文豪 Fu Xinkang;Huang Zhongwei;Shi Huaizhong;Wu Hongzhi;He Senlin;Xiong Chao;He Wenhao(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Optical Detection Technology,China University of Petroleum(Beijing))

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气光学探测技术北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第7期59-67,共9页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“高温高压油气安全高效钻完井工程基础理论与方法”(U19B6003-05);国家自然科学基金项目“三轴应力条件下奔驰形PDC齿压剪耦合破岩机理研究”(52004296);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金“高温作用下深层硬岩力学特性与渗流机制演化机理研究”(2462022BJRC012)。

摘　　要：目前对锥形PDC齿切削碳酸盐岩特性的研究较少。为此,针对碳酸盐岩开展了锥形齿和平面齿单齿切削试验,比较了2种切削齿切削产生的切削槽表面宏观与局部微观形貌特征、破岩与内部裂纹扩展过程以及岩屑分布特征等方面的差异,分析了2种切削齿的破碎模式。分析结果表明:在切削槽底部,平面齿以塑性破坏为主,锥形齿产生局部塑性破碎;2种齿的齿下裂纹均向前方以一定角度发育,平面齿齿下裂纹之间存在连通融合,而锥形齿齿下裂纹尖端形态保持较好;2种切削齿的岩屑产物均以大块片状为主,锥形齿切削产生的大于4.2 mm岩屑的质量分数大于平面齿;锥形齿切削碳酸盐岩的破岩比能比平面齿低25%。所得结论可为探究平面齿与锥形齿破碎碳酸盐岩特征与机理提供参考。There is less research on the characteristics of conical PDC cutter cutting carbonate rocks.In the paper,the cutting tests of single conical cutter and planar cutter were conducted on carbonate rocks,the differences in the macroscopic and local microscopic morphology characteristics of the cutting groove surface,rock breaking and internal crack propagation processes,as well as cuttings distribution characteristics generated by the two kinds of cutters were compared,and the breaking modes of the two kinds of cutters were analyzed.The analysis results show that at the bottom of the cutting groove,the planar cutter mainly creates plastic failure,while the conical cutter produces local plastic failure.The cracks under these two kinds of cutters develop at a certain angle towards the front,there is a connection and fusion among the cracks under the planar cutter,while the shape of the crack tip under the conical cutter remains good.The cuttings produced by these two kinds of cutters are mainly massive flaky,the mass fraction of cuttings larger than 4.2 mm generated by cutting of conical cutter is greater than that of planar cutter,and the rock breaking specific energy of conical cutter cutting carbonate rocks is 25%lower than that of planar cutter.The conclusions provide references for exploring the characteristics and mechanisms of carbonate rock breaking with planar and conical cutters.

关 键 词：单齿切削 锥形PDC齿 碳酸盐岩 岩屑分布 破碎特征 裂纹扩展 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]