血液病患者血小板输注中无效输注的危险因素及护理对策  

Risk Factors and Nursing Countermeasures of Ineffective Platelet Transfusion in Patients with Hematopathy

作　　者：李婷 Li Ting(Department of Hematology,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu 610072,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院,四川省人民医院血液科,四川成都610072

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2023年第18期106-108,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:探讨血液病患者血小板输注中无效输注的影响因素,并制定相应干预对策。方法:选取2021年1—12月四川省人民医院收治的86例血液病患者作为研究对象,患者均进行血小板输注治疗,统计患者血小板恢复百分率与血小板纠正计数指数,采用问卷调查方式收集患者基本资料,分析血小板无效输注的影响因素。结果:86例患者共输注血小板264次,其中无效输注108次,无效输注率为40.91%。单因素分析结果显示,反复输注、发热、脾肿大、感染、活动性出血是血小板无效输注的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,反复输注、发热、脾肿大、感染、活动性出血是血小板无效输注的独立危险因素。结论:反复输注、发热、脾肿大、感染、活动性出血是血小板无效输注的独立危险因素,护理人员应在治疗过程中实施针对性护理措施,尽量减少无效输注的危险因素,以提高血小板输注治疗效果。Objective:To explore the influential factors of ineffective platelet transfusion in patients with hematopathy,and develop corresponding intervention strategies.Methods:A total of 86 patients with hematopathy admitted to Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.All patients received platelet transfusion.The percentage of platelet recovery and platelet corrective count index were calculated.The basic data of the patients were collected by questionnaire survey,and the influential factors of ineffective platelet transfusion were analyzed.Results:A total of 264 platelet transfusions were performed in 86 patients,of which 108 transfusions were ineffective,and the ineffective transfusion rate was 40.91%.Univariate analysis results showed that,repeated transfusions,fever,splenomegaly,infection,and active bleeding were the influencing factors of ineffective platelet transfusion,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis results showed that,repeated transfusions,fever,splenomegaly,infection,and active bleeding were independent risk factors for ineffective platelet transfusion.Conclusion:Repeated transfusions,fever,splenomegaly,infection,and active bleeding are the independent risk factors for ineffective platelet transfusion.Nursing staff should implement targeted nursing measures during treatment to minimize risk factors for ineffective transfusion and improve the treatment effect of platelet transfusion.

关 键 词：血液病 血小板输注 无效输注 危险因素 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]