杭州湾天文潮长周期变化对涌潮的影响  

Influence of long-period variation of astronomical tide on tidal bore in Hangzhou Bay

作　　者：鲁海燕 潘存鸿 陈刚 LU Haiyan;PAN Cunhong;CHEN Gang(Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary(Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design),Hangzhou 310020,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coast,Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院),浙江杭州310020 [2]浙江省河口海岸重点实验室,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2023年第4期25-30,共6页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42276176);浙江省水利联合基金重点项目(LZJWZ22E090002,LZJWZ23E090006)。

摘　　要：基于长系列实测潮汐资料和调和分析方法,分析了涌潮起潮点下游杭州湾实测潮汐和天文潮长周期变化,进而分析了天文潮变化对钱塘江涌潮的影响。结果表明:乍浦站实测潮汐每年八月初三和八月十八同日同潮实测潮差、潮到时间和涨潮历时变化幅度很大,最大变幅分别为1.95 m、102 min和122 min;乍浦站天文潮每年八月初三和八月十八同日同潮潮差、潮到时间和涨潮历时最大变幅分别为1.52 m、93 min和46 min。天文潮变化对涌潮影响很大,盐官站同日同潮涌潮高度最大相差1.12 m,涌潮到达时间最大相差93 min,涌潮流速最大相差2.05 m/s,涌潮陡度最大相差18.1%。Based on long series of measured tidal data and the harmonic analysis method,the long-period variation of the measured tide and astronomical tide downstream of the starting point of tidal bore in Hangzhou Bay were analyzed,and then the influence of astronomical tidal changes on the tidal bore in the Qiantang River was analyzed.The results show that the measured tidal range,tidal arrival time and flood tidal duration of the Zhapu station at the same day and the same tide on 3rd and 18th in lunar August each year vary greatly,with the maximum amplitudes of 1.95 m,102 min and 122 min,respectively.The maximum variation of tidal range,tidal arrival time and duration of high tide on the same day and the same tide on the 3rd and 18th in lunar August each year at the Zhapu station are 1.52 m,93 min and 46 min,respectively.The variation of astronomical tide has great influence on the tidal bore.The maximum difference of tidal bore height,arrival time,velocity and steepness of tidal bore at the Yanguan station on the same day and the same tide are 1.12 m,93 min,2.05 m/s and 18.1%,respectively.

关 键 词：天文潮 涌潮 潮差 潮到时间 涨潮历时 调和分析方法 杭州湾 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]