基于模糊综合评价的成都市空气质量评价——以2015-2020年空气质量为例  

Air quality assessment of Chengdu based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation——Take air quality of 2015-2020 as an example

作　　者：卜兴兵 林青[2] 秦燕 俸强 王会镇 Bu Xingbing;Lin Qing*;Qin Yan;Feng Qiang;Wang Huizhen(Sichuan Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station,Chengdu 610041,China;Chuanzhong Oil&Gas Mines of Petrochina Southwest Oil And Gasfield Company,Suining 629000,China;College of Science of Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省生态环境监测总站,成都610041 [2]中国石油西南油气田分公司川中油气矿,四川遂宁629000 [3]西华大学理学院,成都610039

出　　处：《环保科技》2023年第3期31-37,54,共8页Environmental Protection and Technology

基　　金：教育部春晖计划(191630);四川省教育厅项目(18ZB0571)。

摘　　要：本文以2015-2020年成都市6种大气污染物(PM2.5、PM10、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO和O3)浓度监测数据为基础,采用Pearson相关性分析、复合污染特征分析和模糊综合评价的方法,对其空气质量状况和影响大气质量的关键指标进行了综合评价与分析。结果表明,(1)研究时段内成都市PM2.5、PM10、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO的最大月均值出现在1月和12月,O3的最大月均值出现在5月和8月。空气质量优良率依次分别为58.60%、58.50%、64.90%、70.30%、78.60%、76.71%;(2)Pearson相关性研究表明PM2.5、PM10、SO_(2)和O3具有较强的同源性和协同性,复合污染物特征分析表明移动源对颗粒物的贡献大于固定源;(3)研究时段内空气质量模糊综合评价结果在Ⅱ级~Ⅲ级,“Ⅱ级+Ⅲ级”评价结果排名由高到低依次为:2015年、2017年、2016年、2018年、2019年、2020年。和环境空气质量综合指数评价结果对比,两种评价排序结果除2016年和2017年评价不同,其与年份均一致,模糊综合评判较为客观反应了研究时段内成都市的环境空气质量情况。因此,该研究结果可为成都市大气污染防治提供科学指导依据。Based on the monitoring data of six air pollutants(PM 2.5,PM 10,SO_(2),NO_(2),CO and O 3)in Chengdu from 2015 tO_(2)020,this paper used Pearson correlation analysis,composite pollution characteristics analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the air quality status and key indicators affecting air quality.The results showed that:the maximum monthly mean values of PM 2.5,PM 10,SO_(2),NO_(2)and CO in Chengdu appeared in January and December,and the maximum monthly mean values of O 3 appeared in May and August.The excellent and good rates of air quality were 58.60%,58.50%,64.90%,70.30%,78.60%and 76.71%respectively in 2015-2020.Pearson correlation study showed that PM 2.5,PM 10,SO_(2)and O 3 had strong homology and synergy,and the analysis of composite pollutant characteristics showed that the contribution of mobile sources to particulate matter was greater than that of fixed sources.During the study period,the results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of air quality were in grade II to grade III,and the ranking of“II+III”evaluation results from high to low was:2015,2017,2016,2018,2019,2020.Compared with the evaluation results of the comprehensive index of ambient air quality,the ranking results of the two methods are same except for the evaluations in 2016 and 2017.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation objectively reflects the ambient air quality in Chengdu during the study period.Therefore,the results of this study can provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of air pollution in Chengdu.

关 键 词：大气评价 空气质量 模糊综合评价 大气污染防治 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]