现行婚检制度的规范冲突及其解决  

The Normative Conflict of the Current Premarital Examination System and Its Solution

作　　者：黄学贤[1,2,3] Huang Xuexian

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院 [2]江苏高校区域法治发展协同创新中心 [3]中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《南大法学》2023年第4期90-98,共9页NanJing University Law Journal

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设进路研究”(课题编号21DA126)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“公民对婚前医学检查相关法律法规提出备案审查建议”是2021年度中国十大宪法事例之一。由婚检制度引起的备案审查建议,早在十几年前就已经发生。目前对婚检制度所涉规范是否存在冲突存在争议,通过梳理涉及婚检制度的法律规范,可见法律、行政法规和地方性法规之间存在明显的冲突。现行涉及婚检问题的相关法律规范的冲突主要还是行政法问题,因此称其为中国行政法典型事例可能更为贴切。在全国人大常委会的备案审查制度尚不够完善而不能立即满足现实需求的情形下,不妨通过行政诉讼中法律规范的适用规则来解决现行婚检制度的困境。当下最直接有效的办法就是由最高人民法院针对现行婚检制度方面的法律规范冲突作出专门的批复。如此,在迅速解决婚检制度现实困境的同时,也可以倒逼全国人大常委会备案审查机制的完善。“Citizens suggestions on the filing and review of laws and regulations related to premarital medical examination”is one of the top ten constitutional examples in China in 2021.The proposal of record keeping review caused by the premarital examination system has occurred more than ten years ago.There is still a dispute on whether there is a conflict between the norms involved in the premarital examination system.It can be seen that there is an obvious conflict between laws,administrative regulations and local regulations by sorting out the legal norms involved in the premarital examination system.The current legal conflicts related to premarital examination are mainly administrative law issues,so it may be more appropriate to characterize it as a typical example of China s administrative law.In the case that the filing and review system of the Standing Committee of the National People s Congress is not perfect enough to meet the practical needs immediately,it is advisable to solve the dilemma of the current premarital examination system through the application rules of legal norms in administrative litigation.At present,the most direct and effective way is to have the Supreme People s Court give a special reply to the conflict between legal norms in the current premarital examination system.In this way,we can quickly solve the practical difficulties of the premarital examination system,and at the same time,we can also force the NPC Standing Committee to improve the filing and review mechanism.

关 键 词：婚检制度 规范冲突 备案审查 行政诉讼 法律适用规则 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]