多学科团队协作护理模式对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的影响  

Effects of Multidisciplinary Teamwork Nursing Mode on Stroke Patients with Dysphagia

作　　者：周璐[1] 刘焕然[2] 刘金荣[1] 吕素景[1] 李俊娥[1] ZHOU Lu;LIU Huanran;LIU Jinrong;L Sujing;LI Jun’e(Nursing Department,Zhengzhou Second People’s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Health Management Center,Zhengzhou Second People’s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市第二人民医院护理部,河南郑州450000 [2]郑州市第二人民医院健康管理中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2023年第14期2635-2639,共5页Henan Medical Research

基　　金：2020年度河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20200710)。

摘　　要：目的探讨多学科团队协作的护理模式对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能、营养状况及神经功能缺损程度的影响。方法选取郑州市第二人民医院神经内外科2021年1月至2023年1月收治的脑卒中患者92例,采用随机抽签法分为干预组(46例)、对照组(46例),对照组接受常规护理模式,干预组在此基础上接受多学科团队协作的护理模式,两组均持续干预6周。比较两组营养状况[体重指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)]、神经功能缺损程度[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)]、生活质量[Barthel指数(BI)、吞咽障碍特异性生活质量量表(SWAL-QOL)]、心理状况[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]。结果护理后两组吞咽功能良好率相比,干预组高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组护理后BMI、ALB、Hb水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,护理后干预组BI、SWAL-QOL评分较高,NIHSS、HAMA、HAMD评分较低(P<0.05)。结论多学科团队协作的护理模式能改善脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及营养状况,降低其神经功能缺损程度,提高其生活质量。Objective To explore the effects of multidisciplinary teamwork nursing mode on swallowing function,nutritional status and neurological impairment of stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods A total of 92 cases of stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery in Zhengzhou Second People’s Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected and divided into intervention group(46 cases)and control group(46 cases)by random drawing method.The control group received routine nursing mode,and the intervention group received multidisciplinary teamwork nursing mode on the basis of continuous intervention for 6 weeks.The nutritional status[body mass index(BMI),serum albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(Hb)],National Institute of Health stroke scale(NIHSS),quality of life[Barthel index(BI),swallowing quality of life(SWAL-QOL)],psychological status[Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)]of two group were compared.Results The good rate of swallowing function in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of BMI,ALB and Hb in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the scores of BI and SWAL-QOL in the intervention group were higher,while the scores of NIHSS,HAMA and HAMD were lower(P<0.05).Conclusion Multidisciplinary teamwork nursing model can improve the swallowing function and nutritional status of stroke patients with dysphagia,reduce the degree of neurological impairment,improve their exercise compliance and quality of life.

关 键 词：多学科团队协作 吞咽障碍 吞咽功能 营养状况 神经功能缺损程度 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]