不同抗旱活土用量对烤烟产质量的影响  

Effect of“Drought⁃Resistant Living Soil”Technology on Flue⁃Cured Tobacco Production Quality

作　　者：徐兴阳[1] 张芸萍 李凤丽[3] 焦忠云 李浩昊 诸泽明 杨加标 XU Xingyang;ZHANG Yunping;LI Fengli;JIAO Zhongyun;LI Haohao;ZHU Zeming;YANG Jiabiao(Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650051;Kunming Cigarette Factory of Hongyunhonghe Group,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650032;Wenshan Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Wenshan,Yunnan,China 663000)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650051 [2]红云红河集团昆明卷烟厂,云南昆明650032 [3]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山663000

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2023年第3期1-10,共10页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2020530000241020).

摘　　要：为研究不同抗旱活土用量对烤烟产质量的影响,在红花大金元优质烟叶产区开展田间小区试验研究,设置每塘(株)抗旱活土K1(300 g)、K2(600 g)、K4(900 g)、K5(1200 g)、K6(1500 g)5个用量梯度,在不同时期开展观察测量并统计分析.以K3(仅施用当地腐熟农家肥)为生产对照和K7(仅用复合肥和硝酸钾)为空白对照,研究“抗旱活土”应用技术对烤烟生物学性状、经济性状、化学成分及其协调性的影响.结果表明:1)与K3和K7相比,K2与K4的处理烟株株高、茎围和单叶质量改善最为明显且均达到显著水平,根冠比随抗旱活土用量的增加也随之增大.这有利于烟株生长,增加单位面积的产量与产值.2)与K7相比,K2和K4处理的烟株生长势“强”,团棵期提前2~3 d,产量提高17%以上,产值提高约50%,且差异达到显著(P<0.05)或极显著水平(P<0.01).与K3处理相比,K4处理烟株黑胫病病害指数降低8.03个百分点,与K7处理相比降低4.6个百分点,均达到显著差异.3)与K7相比,各抗旱活土处理烟叶还原糖质量分数和氯离子质量分数均随着抗旱活土施用量增加呈上升趋势,且两糖比也有所改善趋势.综上所述,当抗旱活土用量在600~900 g时能够在一定程度上改善烟叶生物学性状、经济性状,降低黑胫病发病率,提高烟叶化学品质.To study the effects of different amounts of drought⁃resistant live soil on the yield and quality of flue⁃cured tobacco,field plot experiment was carried out in Honghua Dajinyuan high quality tobacco production area,and 5 dosage gradient of drought⁃resistant live soil K1(300 g),K2(600 g),K4(900 g),K5(1200 g)and K6(1500 g)were set for each pond(plant).Observation,measurement and statistical analysis were carried out in different periods.Using only K3(local fermented farm manure)as conventional control and K7(compound fertilizer and potassium nitrate only)as blank control,the effects of“drought⁃resistant live soil”application technology on biological characters,economic characters,chemical composition and coordination of flue⁃cured tobacco were studied.The results showed that:1)compared with K3 and K7,the improvement of plant height,stem circumference and leaf weight in K2 and K4 treatment was the most obvious and reached a significant level,and the root⁃shoot ratio increased with the increase of drought⁃resistant live soil dosage.This is conducive to the growth of tobacco plant and increase the yield quality per unit area.2)Compared with K7,the growth of K2 and K4 tobacco plants was“strong”,the clumping stage was 2—3 days earlier,the yield was increased by more than 17%,the output value was increased by about 50%,and the difference was significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01).Compared with K3 treatment,black tibia disease index decreased by 8.03 percentage points in K4 treatment and 4.6 percentage points in K7 treatment,both of which were significant differences.3)Compared with K7 treatment,reducing sugar content and chloride ion content in tobacco leaves of drought⁃resistant live soil treatment showed an increasing trend with the increase of drought⁃resistant live soil application amount,and the ratio of two sugar also showed an improving trend.To sum up,when the amount of drought⁃resistant live soil is 600—900 g,the biological and economic characters of tobacco leaves c

关 键 词：烤烟 抗旱活土 用量 产质量 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]