国家治理中的“工具理性主义”谜题及其解答  

The Puzzle of"Instrumental Rationalism"in National Governance and Its Answer

作　　者：刘新刚 Liu Xingang

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学马克思主义学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2023年第6期42-61,205,共21页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：以“工具理性”为依据所制定的国家治理理论越精致,其在实践中带来的难题越复杂,治理理论与实践的关系也越紧张,从而产生治理领域的“工具理性主义”谜题。学界从“有限批判”“文化批判”和“彻底否定”角度的解答都无法实现治理理论和实践的统一,也就无法破解这一谜题。马克思的“实践”观点和“社会关系”观点内在蕴含着对两种理性的辩证统一倾向,从其理论资源中能开拓出“新型理性”。从某种意义上来说,中国式现代化是奠基在“新型理性”上的现代化发展道路和治理方案,完成了对治理领域“工具理性主义”谜题的科学解答,不但走出了一条国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的成功实践之路,而且完成了治理理论上的原创性发展,实现了治理理论与实践的有机统一。The more refined the governance theory based on"instrumental reason"is,the more complex are the challenges it brings in practice,and the more fraught is the relationship between governance theory and practice,whence the puzzle of"instrumental rationalism"in the field of governance.The attempts in academia to solve this puzzle from the perspective of"limited critiques""cultural critiques"and"complete negation"'have all failed to achieve the unity of governance theory and practice,which means that none of them can decipher this puzzle.Marx's views of"practice"and"social relations"inherently contain a tendency of the dialectical unity of these two forms of rationality,which can lead to the exploration of"new rationality"from theoretical resources.In a sense,the Chinese path to modernization represents a path of modernization and governance based on this"new rationality,"thus providing a scientific answer to the puzzle of"instrumental rationalism".This path has not only generated successful practice in the modernization of China's governance system and capacity but also accomplished original achievementsin governance theory,realizing the organic unity of governance theory and practice.

关 键 词：工具理性 工具理性主义 新型理性 国家治理体系和治理能力现代化 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]