ELISA检验法对血站血液中多种传染病的检出价值及安全性研究  

Study on the Detection Value and Safety of ELISA for Multiple Infectious Diseases in Blood of Blood Stations

作　　者：刘丽娜 叶祖兴 林暖 LIU Li'na;YE Zuxing;LIN Nuan(Department of Laboratory,Sanming Central Blood Station,Sanming 365000,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市中心血站检验科,福建三明365000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2023年第19期145-147,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析血站血液经酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检验多种传染病的检出价值与安全性。方法将血站近期内(2021年1月至2022年1月)采取的血液标本共50份作为观察对象,分别采取高通量ELISA检验法以及常规ELISA检验法进行检测,分析其对人类获得性免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体、梅毒螺旋体(TP)抗体、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的检测结果,并比较两种检查方法的安全性、HIV抗体、HCV抗体、TP抗体、HBV-HBsAg阳性率及诊断准确率。结果高通量ELISA检验法对HIV抗体、HCV抗体、TP抗体、HBV-HBsAg检测检测结果均高于常规ELISA检验法检验,对比有统计学意义(P<0.05);高通量ELISA检验法在标本条码识别、温度控制、时间把控、加液量、洗液量及结果判读检验中失误率均低于对照组,检验的准确率、阳性率均高于常规ELISA检验法,对比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对血站血液传染病的检验采取高通量ELISA检验法能够明显提高传染病检出率,并可在检验期间避免检验失误情况的发生,提高检验准确率及多种疾病抗体的阳性检出率,对促进标准化实验室有重要意义。Objective To analyze the detection value and safety of various infectious diseases detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Methods A total of 50 blood samples taken by the blood station in the recent period(from January 2021 to January 2022)were taken as observation objects.High throughput ELISA and conventional ELISA were used to analyze their resistance to human acquired immunodeficiency virus(HIV),non-A non-B hepatitis virus(HCV),treponema pallidum(TP),the detection results of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)were compared,and the safety,HIV antibody,HCV antibody,TP antibody,HBV HBsAg positive rate and diagnostic accuracy of the two groups were compared.Results The detection results of HIV antibody,HCV antibody,TP antibody and HBV HBsAg by high-throughput ELISA were higher than those by conventional ELISA(P<0.05).The error rate of high-throughput ELISA test method in sample bar code recognition,temperature control,time control,liquid addition,washing liquid volume and result interpretation is lower than that of the control group,and the accuracy and positive rate of the test are higher than that of the conventional ELISA test method,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion High throughput ELISA can significantly improve the detection rate of infectious diseases in blood stations,avoid the occurrence of test errors during the test,improve the accuracy of the test and the positive detection rate of antibodies against various diseases,which is of great significance to promote standardized laboratories.

关 键 词：高通量ELISA检验法 血站 血液 传染病 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]