嵌五色玻璃盆蜜蜡刘海戏蟾盆景的制作工艺和旧修方法研究  

Analysis and Conservation of Immortal Figure-Liuhai Miniature Landscape

作　　者：罗涵[1] 刘瀚文 张雪雁[1] 曲亮[1] 段佩权 张毅 王雪莹 Luo Han;Liu Hanwen;Zhang Xueyan;Qu Liang;Duan Peiquan;Zhang Yi;Wang Xueying(Palace Museum,Beijing,100009)

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院,北京100009

出　　处：《博物院》2023年第2期111-119,共9页Museum

基　　金：故宫博物院科研课题“养心殿镶嵌类文物中珠宝玉石材料的病害分析及保护修复研究”(KTYXD2016-16);故宫博物院科研课题“传统粘接材料在有机宝石类文物修复中的应用研究——以象牙材料为例”(KT2013-18)。

摘　　要：故宫博物院藏嵌五色玻璃盆蜜蜡刘海戏蟾盆景是清宫神仙人物盆景的精品。该盆景出现尘污、构件伤断开粘及缺失、色粉脱落、蜜蜡龟裂等病害,需进行保护修复。X光拍照、X荧光能谱、拉曼光谱和红外光谱的检测结果显示,盆景使用蜜蜡、珊瑚、孔雀石、尖晶石、玻璃、螺钿和铜锌合金材料制作;刘海人物和珊瑚树的制作、造景同地台的连接均使用拼嵌、插销并粘接的方法;首次发现前人使用虫胶作为断裂珊瑚枝的充填材料,外层使用曙红混合蜂蜡作为补色材料。本次保护修复在蜜蜡补缺和珊瑚补色时借鉴了旧修方法,为今后同类文物的修复提供了可借鉴的案例。There is an immortal figure-Liu Hai miniature landscape in the Palace Museum with facade dust,breaks and parts missing problem,which calls for reparation.X-ray photography,XRF,Raman spectroscopy and FTIR was used to analyze the material,structure and early restoration methods.The results showed that the main materials are amber,coral,malachite,glass and shell.The characters are assembled with wooden or iron pins.In the previous repair process,the broken coral branches were re-splicing with iron pins and shellac,the broken ambers were filled up with resin-wax.This restoration draws on the traditional methods and achieveagoodeffect.

关 键 词：人物盆景 旧修 拉曼光谱 红外光谱 

分 类 号：G264.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]