农村室内热环境对老年人心血管生理参数的影响研究  

A Study on the Effect of Rural Indoor Thermal Environment on Cardiovascular Physiological Parameters in the Elderly

作　　者：顾月 李岩学 贾致伟 高伟俊 GU Yue;LI Yanxue;JIA Zhiwei;GAO Wejun(Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,Shandong,China;The University of Kitakyushu,808-0135,Japan)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学,山东青岛266033 [2]北九州市立大学,日本808-0135

出　　处：《建筑科学》2023年第6期213-218,共6页Building Science

基　　金：科技部国际间合作项目“基于全生命周期碳减排的建筑运行能效和健康性能提升研究”(2018YFE0106100)。

摘　　要：老年人身体热平衡管理能力下降使其成为热环境暴露下的脆弱群体,室内热环境与老年人健康有着密切联系。本研究调查了46名农村居民在采暖季时的室内环境参数、心血管生理参数和热感觉。结果表明,农村住宅仅在卧室和厨房使用分散供暖系统,以散煤取暖为主,热环境舒适性较差。结果显示,收缩压、脉压差和心率与室内温度呈显著负相关,血流速度和手背皮肤温度与室内温度呈显著正相关,当室内温度低于18℃时,收缩压大于140 mmHg的占比为39.3%,其中老年组脉压差超过60 mmHg的占比是年轻组的3.2倍,血流下降速度比年轻组慢1.37 cm/s,温度每降低1℃心率升高0.99 bpm。研究结果可为营造适宜老年人的健康室内居住热环境提供科学指导,降低老年人心血管疾病患病风险。The elderly are vulnerable to exposure to a thermal environment due to their decreased ability to manage body heat balance.The indoor thermal environment is closely related to the health of the elderly.This study investigated indoor environmental parameters,cardiovascular physiological parameters,and thermal sensations of 46 rural residents during the heating season.The results show that the rural residential houses only use the decentralized heating system in the bedroom and kitchen,coal heating mainly,and the thermal comfort is poor.It also showed that systolic blood pressure,pulse pressure difference,and heart rate were significantly negatively correlated with indoor temperature,while blood flow velocity and hand skin temperature were significantly positively correlated with indoor temperature.The proportion of systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg reached 39.3%when the indoor temperature was below 18 C.Meanwhile,the proportion of pulse pressure difference over 60 mmHg in the elderly group was 3.2 times that of the young group.The decrease rate of blood flow in the elderly group was 1.37 cm/s slower than that in the young group,and the heart rate of the elderly group increased by O.99 bpm as the temperature decreased by 1.The results of a study can provide scientific guidance for building a healthy indoor thermal environment suitable for the elderly and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.

关 键 词：农村住宅 老年人 生理参数 心血管健康 热环境 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]