2016—2022年贵州省黔东南州法定报告传染病流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of notifiable communicable diseases in Qiandongnan prefecture from 2016 to 2022

作　　者：龙敏 龙水庭 侯兴华 LONG Min;LONG Shui-ting;HOU Xing-hua(The Center for Disease Control and prevention of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture,Kaili,Guizhou 556000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州疾病预防控制中心,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2023年第3期51-54,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解2016—2022年贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州(简称黔东南州)法定报告传染病流行特征和变化趋势,为卫生健康部门调整传染病防控策略及措施提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的传染病监测系统导出2016—2022年黔东南州法定报告传染病疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2016—2022年黔东南州无甲类传染病报告,报告乙类和丙类传染病32种99810例,年均发病率397.68/10万,死亡1103例,年均死亡率4.39/10万,报告死亡数居首位的病种为艾滋病(1027例)。年均发病率居前5位的病种为肺结核、病毒性肝炎、手足口病、梅毒、其他感染性腹泻,居前5位的县(市)为凯里市、天柱县、岑巩县、三穗县和黎平县,报告病例性别比为1.57∶1,发病人群以农民、散居儿童、学生为主。结论法定报告传染病仍然危害黔东南州居民健康,应针对重点疾病、重点人群、重点地区、重点机构和重点时段制定完善防控策略,采取综合防控措施,有效控制当地传染病。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and trends of notifiable communicable diseases in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture(Qiandongnan prefecture for short)in Guizhou province from 2016 to 2022,and provide scientific basis for adjusting the strategies and measures of prevention and control of infectious diseases by the health administrative department.Methods The epidemic data of the notifiable communicable diseases in Qiandongnan prefecture during 2016-2022 was collected from the subsystem of notifiable communicable diseases surveillance in Chinese disease prevention and control information system,and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method.Results There was no case of category A infectious diseases reported in Qiandongnan prefecture from 2016 to 2022,and there were 99810 cases of category B and C infectious diseases reported with an average annual incidence rate of 397.68/100000.Totally 113 cases died with an average annual mortality rate of 4.39/100000.AIDS was the disease which reported as the top of the list as the death count(1027 cases).The top five diseases as the order of average annual incidence were tuberculosis,viral hepatitis,hand,foot and mouth disease,syphilis and other infectious diarrhea.Kaili city,Tianzhu county,Cengong county,Sansui county and Liping county were the top five counties(cities)as the order of average annual incidence.The ratio of gender of the reported cases was 1.57∶1.Farmers,scattered children and students were the main in the cases.Conclusions The notifiable communicable diseases still harm the health of residents in Qiandongnan prefecture.The prevention and control strategies should be formulated and perfected for key diseases,key populations,key areas,key institutions and key periods.The comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out to effectively control the local infectious diseases.

关 键 词：法定报告传染病 流行特征 发病率 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]