燃料电池仿生密封结构的设计与仿真  

Design and Simulation of Bionic Seal Structure for Fuel Cell

作　　者：席凯凯 葛鹏 袁亨通 XI Kaikai;GE Peng;YUAN Hengtong(Western Metal Materials Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西部金属材料股份有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2023年第7期213-220,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019ZDLGY05-08)。

摘　　要：针对目前质子交换膜燃料电池密封不严导致的电化学性能低和泄漏等问题,从仿生学角度出发,以自然界的鲨鱼牙齿和扇贝壳作为仿生原型,对燃料电池的密封双极板结构进行仿生结构设计,提出4种仿生密封双极板结构,并建立密封双极板的接触力学模型,最后在有限元分析软件ABAQUS和ANSYS Fluent中开展仿生密封双极板与常规密封双极板的仿真对比试验。结果表明:仿生密封双极板接触面上的应力更大,两接触面的结合更加紧密;仿生密封双极板一凸一凹的镶嵌结合方式,减小了泄漏通道的有效高度,增大了泄漏阻力,可有效防止泄漏的发生;仿生密封双极板具有流固耦合密封效应,在双极板之间存在多个阻断面和空腔,可对流体造成明显的压差损失,能有效避免流体的泄漏。Aimed at the problems of low electrochemical performance and leakage caused by the inadequate sealing of proton exchange membrane fuel cell,from the perspective of bionics,the bionic structure of the sealing bipolar plate structure of fuel cell was designed by taking the shark teeth and fan shell in nature as the bionic prototype.Four kinds of bionic sealing bipolar plate structures were put forward,and the contact mechanics model of the sealing bipolar plate was established.The comparative experiments between bionic sealing bipolar plates and conventional sealing bipolar plates were carried out in finite element analysis software ABAQUS and ANSYS Fluent.The simulation results show that the stress on the contact surface of bionic sealing bipolar plate is greater and the combination of the two contact surfaces is closer.The inlay combination of one convex and one concave of bionic sealing bipolar plate reduces the effective height of leakage channel,increases leakage resistance and effectively prevents leakage.Bionic sealing bipolar plate has fluid structure coupling sealing effect.There are multiple resistance sections and cavities between bipolar plates,which can cause obvious differential pressure loss to the fluid and effectively avoid fluid leakage.

关 键 词：燃料电池 密封结构 仿生 双极板 泄漏 

分 类 号：TB42[一般工业技术] TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]