深孔精加工中的自适应减振镗杆系统设计  

Design of Adaptive Damping Boring Bar System in Deep Hole Machining

作　　者：刘浩[1] 胡文亮 冯伟 LIU Hao;HU Wenliang;FENG Wei(Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hengshui University,Hengshui Hebei 053000,China;Intelligent Manufacturing Institute,Hebei Vocational University of Industry and Technology,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]衡水学院机电研究所,河北衡水053000 [2]河北工业职业技术大学智能制造学院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第13期112-116,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学研究计划项目(Z2018225)。

摘　　要：针对深孔镗削精加工中高长径比镗杆存在较低的颤振稳定极限,导致容易发生颤振的问题,设计了一种自适应减振镗杆系统。通过调节O形环弹簧的轴向压缩,调谐附加质量阻尼减振器的固有频率,以最大化其动态刚度和适应大范围的长径比;利用电磁激振器和非接触式电容位移传感器自动测量镗杆的频响函数,并通过压缩O形环自适应调谐附加减振器的固有频率;最后,将镗杆频响函数的负实部最小化,以最大限度地提高无颤振切削深度。研究结果表明:安装减振器后镗杆频响函数的实部从-15.17μm/N缩小到-0.24μm/N,相当于动态刚度增大了63.2倍,且表面粗糙度得到明显改善。该系统能够覆盖相当宽的镗杆长径比范围,可适应各种实际安装需求。Aiming at the low flutter stability limit of boring bar with high length-diameter ratio in deep hole boring finishing,which leads to flutter easily,an adaptive damping boring bar system was designed.By adjusting the axial compression of the O-ring spring,the natural frequency of the damper with additional mass damping was tuned to maximize its dynamic stiffness and adapt to a wide range of length-diameter ratio.Then,the frequency response function of boring bar was automatically measured by electromagnetic exciter and non-contact capacitive displacement sensor,and the natural frequency of additional shock absorber was adaptively tuned by compressing O-ring.Finally,the negative real part of the frequency response function of the boring bar was minimized to improve the chatter-free cutting depth maximatily.The results show that the real part of the frequency response function of boring bar is reduced from-15.17μm/N to-0.24μm/N,which means that the dynamic stiffness is increased by 63.2 times,and the surface roughness is obviously improved.The system can cover a wide range of length-diameter ratio of boring bar,and meet various practical installation requirements.

关 键 词：深孔加工 阻尼减振 镗杆 自适应调谐 传递函数 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]