中老年稳定性冠心病患者体力活动、久坐行为现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of physical activity,sedentary behavior in middle-aged and elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease

作　　者：姚爽 王吉平[1] 徐建华 徐佳慧 杨鑫 Yao Shuang;Wang Jiping;Xu Jianhua;Xu Jiahui;Yang Xin(Department of Preventive Health,Jinshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 201508,China;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Jinshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 201508,China;School of Nursing,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属金山医院预防保健科,上海201508 [2]复旦大学附属金山医院心血管内科,上海201508 [3]复旦大学护理学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2023年第18期1402-1409,共8页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：上海市金山区卫生健康委员会科研课题(JSYQ201917)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨中老年稳定性冠心病患者体力活动、久坐行为现状及影响因素,为临床医护人员制订针对性干预措施提供参考。方法:本研究为横断面调研,采用便利抽样的方法选取2022年3—6月在复旦大学附属金山医院心内科住院及门诊就诊的378例中老年稳定性冠心病患者为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表、国际体力活动问卷、中国成人静态行为问卷、心脏病患者运动恐惧量表、慢性病自我效能量表及社会支持量表对患者进行问卷调查。结果:中老年稳定性冠心病患者体力活动总代谢当量、久坐时间分别为31.40(21.73,49.67)MET-h/周、8(7,9)h/d,其中39.7%(150/378)患者达到指南活动推荐量,61.4%(232/378)患者久坐时间≥8 h/d。19.0%(72/378)患者属于活动达标/低久坐组,20.6%(78/378)患者属于活动达标/高久坐组,19.6%(74/378)患者属于活动不足/低久坐组,40.7%(154/378)患者属于活动不足/高久坐组。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,久坐行为、工作状态、运动恐惧、客观支持、冠心病病程是其体力活动的影响因素(t值为-9.81~2.67,均P<0.05);体力活动、客观支持、支持利用度、性别、文化程度、运动恐惧是其久坐行为的影响因素(t值为-10.77~4.63,均P<0.05)。结论:中老年稳定性冠心病患者体力活动、久坐行为现状不佳,医护人员应干预相应影响因素,降低患者体力活动不足、高久坐行为的发生风险。Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of physical activity,sedentary behavior in middle-aged and elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease,and to provide reference for clinical medical staff to formulate targeted intervention measures.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey.From March to June 2022,a convenience sampling was used to select 378 middle-aged and elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease in the ward and clinic of Department of Cardiology,Jinshan Hospital,Fudan University.The general information questionnaire,the International Physical Activity Questionnaire,the Adult Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire,the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart,the Self-efficacy for Chronic Disease Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale were used for investigation.ResultsThe total metabolic equivalent of physical activity and sedentary time in middle-aged and elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease were 31.40(21.73,49.67)MET-h/w and 8(7,9)h/d respectively.The 39.7%(150/378)patients reached physical activity guidelines recommendations and 61.4%(232/378)patients had a sedentary time≥8 h/d.The 19.0%(72/378)patients were identified as physically active/low sedentary group,20.6%(78/378)patients were identified as physically active/high sedentary group,19.6%(74/378)patients were in physically inactive/low sedentary group and 40.7%(154/378)patients were in physically inactive/high sedentary group.The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that sedentary behavior,working status,kinesiophobia,objective support and disease duration had significant impacts on physical activity(t values were-9.81-2.67,all P<0.05).The influencing factors of sedentary behavior were physical activity,objective support,support utilization,gender,educational level and kinesiophobia(t values were-10.77-4.63,all P<0.05).ConclusionsThe status of physical activity,sedentary behavior in middle-aged and elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease is not good.Medical staff should intervene corre

关 键 词：体力活动 社会支持 冠心病 久坐行为 运动恐惧 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]