2019—2021年黔东南州入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验效果分析  

Vaccination Certificates Verification of Children at Admission to Nursery and School Analysis on the Effect in Qiandong-nan Prefecture from 2019 to 2021

作　　者：时静[1] 郭豫[1] 邓茂铭 SHI Jing;GUO Yu;DENG Mao-ming(Qiandongnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaili,Guizhou,556000,China)

机构地区：[1]黔东南州疾病预防控制中心,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2023年第6期71-73,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解贵州省黔东南州入托、入学儿童接种证查验工作状况,分析查验工作效果,为相关传染病的预防提供依据。方法:收集2019—2021年黔东南州入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验情况、补种情况及同时期3~12岁儿童免疫规划疫苗针对传染病发病情况,采用描述流行病学方法分析相关数据。结果:2019—2021年黔东南州共查验托幼机构/小学8 243所,查验机构覆盖率为100.00%;共查验505 249人,查验对象覆盖率为100.00%。其中,托幼机构4 631所,共查验287 275人,有预防接种证者286 068人,持证率为99.58%;小学3 612所,共查验217 974人,有预防接种证者216 877人,持证率为99.50%。2019—2021年黔东南州入托、入学儿童脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗、白破疫苗、麻疹疫苗、甲肝疫苗、腮腺炎疫苗未完成全程接种的漏种儿童疫苗补种率呈逐年上升趋势,除腮腺炎疫苗外,其他疫苗查验后补种率均>95.00%。2019—2021年黔东南州托幼机构/小学未暴发免疫规划疫苗针对性传染病,无麻疹病例发生,乙型肝炎和腮腺炎的发病率呈逐年下降趋势。结论:2019—2021年黔东南州开展入托、入学儿童接种证查验工作逐年规范,国家免疫规划疫苗接种率维持在较高水平,有效控制了免疫规划疫苗针对性传染病在托幼机构/小学的发生和暴发。OBJECTIVE To understand the inspection status of vaccination cerificate for children in kindergarten and school in Qiandongnan Prefecture,analyze the inspection work effect,and provide a basis for the prevention of infectious diseases.METHODS From 2019 to 2021,the examination of vaccination certificates and revaccination in children aged 3 to 12 and the incidence of infec-tious diseases during the same period were collected,and the relevant data were analyzed by description epidemiological methods.RESULTS From 2019 to 2021,a total of 8243 nurseries/primary schools were inspected in Qiandongnan Prefecture,with a coverage rate of 100.00%;505249 persons,with a coverage rate of 100.00%.Among them,there were 4631 nursery institutions,a total of 287275 people were examined,and 286068 people had vaccination certificates,with a holding rate of 99.58%.There were 3612 primary schools,217974 people were examined,and 216877 people had vaccination certificates,with a holding rate of 99.50%.From 2019 to 2021,the reseeding rate of missed children with polio vaccine,DPT vaccine,DPT vaccine,measles vaccine,hepatitis A vaccine and mumps vaccine in Qiandongnan Prefecture was increasing year by year.Except for mumps vaccine,the reseeding rate of other vaccines after inspection was>95.00%.From 2019 to 2021,there was no outbreak of vaccine-targeted infectious diseases in nurseries/primary schools in Qiandongnan Prefecture,no measles cases occured,and the incidence of hepatitis B and mumps was decreasing year by year.CONCLUSION From 2019 to 2021,Qiandongnan Prefecture conducted the inspection of vaccination cerif-cates for children in kindergartens and schools standardized year by year,and the vaccination rate of the national immunization pro-gram was maintained at a high level,effectively controlling the occurence and outbreak of targeted infectious diseases in the immuni-zation program in nurseries/primary schools.

关 键 词：入托儿童 入学儿童 预防接种证 传染病防控 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]