基于黄河流域水资源均衡调配的南水北调西线一期工程水量配置  

Water allocation of the first phase of South-to-North Water Diversion Western Route Project based on balanced provisioning of water resources in the Yellow River basin

作　　者：王煜[1] 周翔南 彭少明 武见 明广辉 郑小康 WANG Yu;ZHOU Xiangnan;PENG Shaoming;WU Jian;MING Guanghui;ZHENG Xiaokang(Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水科学进展》2023年第3期336-348,共13页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3202305)。

摘　　要：南水北调西线一期工程生效后黄河流域水量分配模式决定了黄河流域水资源配置格局重塑和南水北调西线工程供水效益评价,为国家水网构建提供重要技术支撑。考虑西线供水范围可覆盖黄河主要供水区的特点,西线调入水量应与黄河流域水资源统一配置,考虑生态优先、公平为主兼顾效率的原则,构建了流域用水分级配置方法,建立了基于流域水资源均衡调配的西线调入水量配置模式,开展了不同情景优化配置方案研究。结果表明:南水北调西线一期工程调水80亿m^(3),配置给黄河河流生态用水33.70亿m^(3),配置给流域河道外经济社会用水46.30亿m^(3),其中95%以上配置给黄河上中游地区,流域缺水率降低至7.0%~8.3%。优化配置方案体现了生态优先原则,保障了黄河河道内基本生态环境用水,均衡了河道外经济社会用水的公平和效率,有效缓解了流域缺水。Water allocation of the Yellow River basin(YRB)after the first phase of South-to-North Water Diversion Western Route Project(WRP)takes effect will determine the rebuilding of water resources allocation framework of YRB and the evaluation of economic benefits of water supply of WRP,and support technologically the construction of the national water network.Given that WRP covers the main water supply areas of YRB,water diversion of WRP shall be allocated conjunctively with water resources of YRB.A hierarchical water allocation model,which gives first priority to ecology,followed by equity and efficiency,are constructed,and water diversion of WRP is allocated based on balanced provision.Water allocation schemes under different scenarios are optimized and scrutinized.The results show that out of the 8 billion m^(3) of first phase WRP diversion 3.37 billion m^(3) is allocated to in-stream ecological use and 4.63 billion m^(3) to off-stream socioeconomic use.More than 95%of the WRP diversion is allocated to the upper and middle reaches of YRB,and water shortage rate at the basin level is reduced to 7.0%—8.3%.The optimized allocation reflects the principle of ecological priority,ensures basic in-stream ecological water use,balances equity and efficiency of off-stream socioeconomic water use,and reduces water shortage effectively.

关 键 词：生态优先 均衡调配 南水北调西线 黄河流域 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]