高压大流量纯水液控单向阀冲击特性与气蚀损伤的关联性  

Correlation on Impact Characteristics and Cavitation Damage of High Pressure Large Flow Pure Water Hydraulic Control Check Valve

作　　者：刘磊[1] 赵继云[2] 张磊[1] 满家祥[1,2] 黄传辉 郭华锋[1] LIU Lei;ZHAO Ji-yun;ZHANG Lei;MAN Jia-xiang;HUANG Chuan-hui;GUO Hua-feng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xuzhou Institute of Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221018;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116)

机构地区：[1]徐州工程学院机电工程学院,江苏徐州221018 [2]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《液压与气动》2023年第7期55-63,共9页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1910212);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(19KJA140002);徐州市科技计划项目(KC21002,KC18014)。

摘　　要：针对高压大流量工况下纯水液控单向阀的气蚀损伤问题,研究其冲击空化特性与气蚀损伤的关联性,通过冲击实验、扫描电镜、电化学等方法对高压大流量纯水冲击后的液控单向阀阀芯表面进行分析。结果表明:随着冲击特性的增强,空化指数显著增强,气蚀损伤越剧烈,说明空化溃灭的动力学作用与冲击特性呈正相关。空化溃灭时能够在短时间内释放高温传递至不锈钢表面,并经过纯水介质的快速冷却,导致出现马氏体结构。经空泡溃灭作用后不锈钢表面钝化膜出现早期裂纹及气孔,其包含区域的电流密度较高,从而电离产生更多H+,致使纯水pH值降低,产生酸性的腐蚀溶液,加速钝化膜的破坏,早期气孔逐渐扩大发展为明显气蚀坑。Aiming at cavitation damage of hydraulic control check valve under high pressure and large flow,the correlation between impact cavitation characteristics and cavitation damage is studied.The valve core surface morphology,phase,chemical state and polarization curve of hydraulic control check valve after high pressure and large flow are analyzed by impact test,scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods.The results show that with the enhancement of the impact characteristics,the cavitation index is significantly enhanced,and the more severe the cavitation damage is,which indicates that the dynamic effect of cavitation collapse is positively correlated with the impact characteristics.Cavitation collapse can release high temperature transfer to the stainless stel surface in a short time,and through the rapid cooling of pure water medium,resulting in martensitic structure.After cavitation,the stainless steel surface passivation film appears early cracks and pores,resulting in a higher current density in the contained area,resulting in more H+ionization,resulting in a decrease in the pH value of pure water,acidic corrosion solution,accelerate the destruction of passivation film,early pores gradually expand and develop into obvious cavitation pits.

关 键 词：高压大流量 纯水液控单向阀 冲击特性 气蚀 关联性 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]