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作 者:汪彦 魏雨捷 张书维[1,3] WANG Yan;WEI Yujie;ZHANG Shuwei(School of Government,Sun Yat-sen University;College of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University;Center for Chinese Public Administration Research,Sun Yat-sen University)
机构地区:[1]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院 [2]华南农业大学经济管理学院 [3]中山大学中国公共管理研究中心/政治与公共事务管理学院
出 处:《公共管理评论》2023年第2期138-161,共24页China Public Administration Review
基 金:国家社会科学基金青年项目“行为公共管理学视角下群体性事件的‘输入-输出’机制研究”(项目批准号:18CGL043)资助。
摘 要:要确保公共卫生政策的科学性与精准化,就必须重视民众的政策遵从行为。本研究通过一项2(描述性规范:积极规范vs消极规范)×2(参照群体:近端群体vs远端群体)的被试间调查实验(n=232)探讨描述性规范对居民流感疫苗接种意愿的作用,并引入风险感知和参照群体进一步分析作用机制和适用条件。研究发现:积极规范和消极规范对流感疫苗接种意愿的作用无显著差异;相较于受积极规范影响的居民,受消极规范影响的居民的风险感知水平更高,进而展现出更明显的流感疫苗接种意愿;相较于远端群体条件,近端群体条件下消极规范对居民风险感知的作用更强,进而对流感疫苗接种意愿的影响更显著。本研究提示应谨慎看待积极规范在流感疫苗接种情境中的作用,强调消极规范激发的风险感知能有效助推居民接种流感疫苗的意愿,同时指出近端群体是影响描述性规范作用的重要环境因素。Public health events are receiving unprecedented attention.To ensure the implementation of precise and scientific public health policies,it is necessary to pay attention to policy compliance.Only when citizens actively comply with public health policies can the results of such policies be realized.With the rampant spread of disease,public compliance with vaccination policies can fundamentally prevent the spread of viruses.However,citizens are often indecisive about being vaccinated,so it is urgent to promote vaccination compliance.In this study,we explore the role of descriptive norms on residentswillingness to be vaccinated and we include risk perceptions and reference groups to analyze the mechanisms and the applicable conditions for the descriptive norms.We created a virtual policy situation win which“the spring influenza virus broke out in City A,and the government urged the citizens to be vaccinated”.We conducted a 2(descriptive norms:positive norm vs negative norm)×2(reference groups:proximal group vs distal group)between-subjects survey experiment with 232 subjects to explore the role of descriptive norms in influencing the residentswillingness to be vaccinated.The results reveal that:(1)the difference in the effects of positive norms and negative norms on one's willingness to be vaccinated is not significant;(2)risk perceptions significantly mediate the effects of descriptive norms on one's willingness to be vaccinated,that is,compared with positive norms,residents affected by negative-norm information perceive a higher level of risk,thus they are more likely to be willing to be vaccinated;(3)the reference groups moderate the indirect effects of descriptive norms on one's willingness to be vaccinated through their risk perceptions.Specifically,compared with the condition for the distal group,negative norms have a stronger effect on risk perceptions and therefore are more effective in promoting a willingness to be vaccinated among the proximal group.This study suggests that the role of positive norms
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