中国中部重点农区虾稻田的时空演变及地域模式  

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Regional Development Model of Rice-Crayfish Fields in Main Agricultural Production Regions of Central China

作　　者：夏天[1,2] 吴婕妤[1,2] 朱媛媛 于雷[1,2] 赵雪梅[1,2] 万敏[3] 叶雅文 XIA Tian;WU Jieyu;ZHU Yuanyuan;YU Lei;ZHAO Xuemei;WAN Ming;YE Yawen(Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation of Hubei Province,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;College of Urban and Environment Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Qianjiang Natural Resources and Planning Bureau,Qianjiang 433102,Hubei,China;Wuhan Hantie Senior Middle School,Wuhan 430011,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,中国湖北武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,中国湖北武汉又430079 [3]潜江市自然资源和规划局,中国湖北潜江433102 [4]武汉市汉铁高级中学,中国湖北武汉430011

出　　处：《经济地理》2023年第6期183-191,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071170、42171270);国家自然科学基金—广东联合基金集成项目(U1901601);中央高校基本科研业务费(30106220497)1981。

摘　　要：中国中部重点农区——潜江市是中国“小龙虾之乡”“虾稻共作”的发源地,“虾稻共作”已迅速推广至我国长江中下游及山东、云南等地。探索虾稻共生模式对农业及社会经济的影响,有助于科学调控虾稻种植格局,保障粮食和生态双安全。文章综合运用空间分析方法和演绎地域演变模式,通过分析2016—2020年潜江市虾稻田时空格局演变过程及特征,从自然环境、社会经济、科学技术和农业政策多方面,探讨潜江市虾稻田发展的地域模式。结果表明:(1)虾稻田空间呈现“西南多,东北少”分布格局,种养格局重心整体由西南向东北方向迁移,轨迹呈倾斜的“Z”字型,平均迁移速度为1.37 km/a,标准差椭圆扁率逐渐减小,且椭圆面积波动增加。(2)潜江市虾稻田地域模式呈现“政策调控型→科技主导型→社会发展型”演变特征,受社会发展及自然因素影响,农业政策通过宏观调控加大投入稳定了潜江市虾稻田种养面积,科技主要通过农业机械化水平提升和技术创新推动了潜江市虾稻田由西南向中东部迅速扩张,社会发展通过农田水利设施修建、城市化发展和农产品电子商务及储藏保鲜冷链物流发展对虾稻田进行影响。文章通过潜江市虾稻田的空间演变过程探讨其地域模式,结果将有助于虾稻田农业区域合理规划和发展,为决策提供科学数据和技术支撑,也为我国打造虾稻田区域性优势产业带提供政策建议。Qianjiang,a major agricultural region in central China,is renowned as the birthplace of the rice-crayfish field cultivation model and the hometown of crayfish.This model has rapidly expanded to other regions such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,Shandong,and Yunnan.Exploring the impact of the"rice-crayfish integrated"approach on agriculture and the social economy is crucial for effectively regulating the planting patterns of rice-crayfish fields and ensuring food and ecological security.By utilizing spatial analysis methods and a deductive regional evolution model,this study analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution process and characteristics of rice-crayfish fields in Qianjiang from 2016 to 2020.Furthermore,it explored the regional development model of rice-crayfish fields in Qianjiang,considering various factors such as the natural environment,social economy,science and technology,and agricultural policy.The findings of the study indicate the following:1.The spatial distribution of rice-crayfish fields in Qianjiang followed a"more in the southwest and less in the northeast"pattern.The center of cultivation gravity of ricecrayfish fields gradually shifted from the southwest to the northeast at an average migration speed of 1.37 km per year.The trajectory of this shift forms a slanted"Z"shape.The elliptical deviation gradually decreased,while its area experienced fluctuations.2.The regional development model of rice-crayfish fields in Qianjiang can be characterized as an evolution from"policy regulation type"to"science and technology leading type"and finally to"social development type."Agricultural policies played a significant role in stabilizing the area of shrimp rice fields in Qianjiang through increased investment and macro-control measures,influenced by both social development and natural factors.Science and technology contributed to the rapid expansion of rice-crayfish fields in Qianjiang,particularly from the southwest to the middle east,through advancements in agricultural mechaniz

关 键 词：虾稻共作 时空格局 地域模式 虾稻田 重点农区 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]