老年共病患者术前认知衰弱的现状及其影响因素及对策  

Status quo and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in aged preoperative patients with comorbidity

作　　者：张瑞华 权月[2] 姜虹[2] 张锦锦[2] 田丽[2] Zhang Ruihua;Quan Yue;Jiang Hong;Zhang Jinjin;Tian Li(School of Clinical Medicine,the Third Central Hospital,Tianjin Medical University;The Third Central Hospital,Tianjin,300170,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学三中心临床学院 [2]天津市第三中心医院,天津300170

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2023年第5期31-37,共7页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：天津市卫生健康科技项目,项目编号为(ZC20004)。

摘　　要：目的调查老年共病患者术前认知衰弱现状,分析其影响因素后提供对策。方法选取天津市某所三级甲等综合医院的217例老年共病术前患者,采用衰弱表型、简易精神状态检查量表进行认知衰弱发生率筛查,并收集其他相关临床资料进行影响因素分析。结果31(14.3%)例患者存在认知衰弱,Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、多重用药、营养不良、腹型肥胖、失眠和焦虑均为认知衰弱的危险因素,共同解释其变异的17.2%(均P<0.05)。结论老年共病患者术前认知衰弱发生率较高,医务人员需加强术前认知衰弱的评估,并根据危险因素制订干预方案,以延缓患者认识衰弱进展,促进患者术后康复。Objective To investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty in aged preoperative patients with comorbidity and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A total of 217 aged preoperative patients with comorbidity in a tertiary hospital of Tianjin were selected as the study subjects.The frailty phenotype and mini-mental state examination were used to screen for cognitive frailty.The relevant clinical data were collected,and the influencing factors of cognitive frailty were analyzed.Results Thirty-one patients(14.3%)had cognitive frailty.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,polypharmacy,malnutrition,abdominal obesity,insomnia and anxiety were risk factors for cognitive frailty(P<0.05),toally explaining 17.2%tis variance.Conclusions The prevalence of cognitive frailty in aged preoperative patients with comorbidity is high.Medical staff should pay more attention to preoperative assessment of cognitive frailty and make interventions according to risk factors in order to delay the progression of cognitive frailty and promote their postoperative recovery.

关 键 词：老年共病患者 术前护理 认知衰弱 躯体衰弱 轻度认知功能障碍 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]