芍药红斑病病原菌鉴定、生物学特性及有效药剂筛选  

Identification,Biological Characteristics and Screening of Effective Fungicides for Red Spot on Peony

作　　者：李培谦 冯宝珍[1] 赵燕飞 王琳 LI Peiqian;FENG Baozhen;ZHAO Yanfei;WANG Lin(Life Science Department,Yuncheng University,Yuncheng,Shanxi 044000;Science Experiment Center,Yuncheng University,Yuncheng,Shanxi 044000;Taiyuan Customs Technology Center,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000)

机构地区：[1]运城学院生命科学系,山西运城044000 [2]运城学院理科实验中心,山西运城044000 [3]太原海关技术中心,山西太原030000

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第8期1533-1541,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划(20210302123084);运城市科技计划项目(YCKJ-2021029);山西省特色农产品发展学科群科研项目(SKX-2022012)。

摘　　要：红斑病是芍药栽培中的严重病害之一,病原菌复杂。为明确运城市芍药红斑病的病原,本研究采集舜帝公园具有红斑病症状的芍药叶片和茎秆,分离病原菌,并结合形态学特征和3种基因序列(核糖体内转录间隔区rDNA-ITS、真核延伸因子TEF-1α、RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基RPB2)联合分析进行病原鉴定。结果表明,运城市芍药红斑病原为链格孢(Alternaria alternata)和细极链格孢(A.tenuissima)。生物学特性分析结果表明,该病原菌在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA)、马铃薯蔗糖琼脂培养基(PSA)上菌落生长旺盛、菌丝粗壮,菌丝生长最适温度为25~30℃,最适pH值为7~8,病原菌生长的最佳碳源为麦芽糖和可溶性淀粉,最佳氮源为NaNO_(3)、蛋白胨。室内毒力测定结果发现,7种杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中25%吡唑醚菌酯、50%咯菌腈对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用较强,两种杀菌剂抑制中浓度(EC_(50))均小于1.0 mg·L^(-1)。该研究结果可为山西省芍药红斑病的精准防控提供理论依据。Red spot is one of the serious diseases of peony cultivation and the pathogen is complex.In order to clarify the pathogen of peony red spot in Yuncheng,the leaves and stem tissues with typical red spot symptoms were collected from Shundi Park.The pathogen was isolated and identified through morphological characteristics and multiple sequence analysis of rDNA-ITS,TEF-1αand RPB2 genes.Results showed that red spot disease of peony in Yuncheng was caused by Alternaria alternata and A.tenuissima.Analysis of its growth conditions showed that the pathogen mycelia grew vigorously and robustly on potato dextrose agar(PDA)and potato saccharose agar(PSA).The optimal temperature for mycelia growth was 25-30℃,and pH was 7-8.On defined Czapek’s media,the optimal carbon source was maltose and soluble starch,and the optimal nitrogen source was NaNO_(3) and peptone.Moreover,seven fungicides displayed different degrees of inhibition on the hyphae growth of pathogen in toxicity assays.Among which,25%pyraclostrobin EC and 50%fluoxonil WP were more efficient in inhibiting the pathogen mycelial growth,and their inhibitory concentration of EC_(50) was less than 1.0 mg·L^(-1).The results would provide a theoretical basis for the precise prevention and control of peony red spot in Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：芍药 红斑病 病原鉴定 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]