超大直径土压盾构刀盘载荷工况分析与结构优化  

Research on load conditions and calculation of structural rigidity of super-diameter earth-pressure shield machine's cutterhead

作　　者：邓立营 王小永 徐飞[1] 谢宝玲[1] 吴昊 DENG Liying;WANG Xiaoyong;XU Fei;XIE Baoling;WU Hao(School of Chemical Equipment,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 111027)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学化工装备学院,辽宁沈阳111027

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第5期70-77,共8页Journal of Machine Design

摘　　要：刀盘作为盾构机中的关键部件之一,不仅能起到挖掘土体的作用,同时还具有稳定掌子面和搅拌渣土的功能,其性能的优劣直接决定着盾构能否正常施工。为了超大直径盾构刀盘能在大推力、大扭矩及复杂地质的掘进环境下具有足够的结构强度和刚性,对刀盘的工作载荷工况和结构形式进行分析研究。以φ14.95 m的刀盘为例,通过ANSYS有限元软件分析刀盘副梁在相同载荷工况下竖板式结构和箱式结构的特性,并在箱式副梁刀盘本体与牛腿连接处加设加强肋后计算刀盘在均载工况、上软下硬工况及脱困工况下的变形和受力情况。研究表明:对于超大型土压盾构刀盘,箱式结构副梁的结构性能优于竖板式的,相同载荷下刀盘的最大应力值减小48.2%,总变形量减小26.4%;在牛腿与盘体焊接部位加设加强肋可以提高刀盘的整体结构强度和刚度,加设后刀盘最大应力减小6.4%,总变形量减小9.7%;刀盘在上软下硬工况下变形最大,脱困工况下局部应力最大。As one of the shield's key components,the cutterhead not only plays the role of excavating soil,but also has the functions of stabilizing the tunnel face and stirring the muck.Its performance directly determines whether the shield machine can operate normally.In this article,in order to ensure the super-diameter earth-pressure shield machine's cutterhead has desirable structural strength and rigidity in the excavation environment of large thrust,high torque and complex geology,efforts are made to explore the cutterhead's load conditions and structural form.Taken the cutterhead with a diameter of φ14.95 m as an example,the structural characteristics of the cutterhead sub-beam with the vertical-plate structure and the cutterhead sub-beam with the box structure under the same load conditions are analyzed by means of the ANSYS finite-element software.As for the cutterhead subbeam with the box structure,after adding reinforcing ribs at the connection of the leg and the body,the deformation and stress of the cutterhead under the equal load conditions,the upper-soft and lower-hard conditions,and the escape conditions are calculated respectively.The results show that for the super-diameter earth-pressure shield machine's cutterhead,the structural performance of the box sub-beam is better than that of the vertical-plate sub-beam.Under the same load conditions,the maximum stress of the cutterhead reduces by 48.2%,and the total deformation reduces by 26.4%.Thanks to the added reinforcing ribs at the connection of the leg and the body,the cutterhead's overall structural strength and rigidity have improved.As a result,the maximum stress of the cutterhead reduces by 6.4%,and the total deformation reduces by 9.7%.The deformation of the cutterhead is the largest in the conditions of uniform formation and high thrust,and the local stress is the highest in the escape condition.

关 键 词：超大直径土压盾构 刀盘 载荷工况 有限元分析 结构优化 

分 类 号：U455.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]