南漪湖沉积物中重金属分布及其潜在生态风险评价  

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Nanyi Lake and Its Potential Ecological Risk Assessment

作　　者：李国莲[1] 李肖 张玉 李海斌[1] 谢发之[1] 舒莹[1] 李卫华[1] LI Guo-lian;LI Xiao;ZHANG Yu;LI Hai-bin;XIE Fa-zhi;SHU Ying;LI Wei-hua(Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学环境污染控制与废弃物资源化利用安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2023年第6期1267-1280,共14页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：安徽省科技厅面上项目(2208085MD100);安徽省重点研发计划项目(202004i07020006);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201005);中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目—长江中游地区村镇污水处理模式研究(202003082)。

摘　　要：近年来随着长江流域经济的快速发展,长江下游南岸南漪湖的水质恶化受到当地政府高度重视。为了解南漪湖水体重金属的污染状况,研究采集全湖区表层沉积物中样品39个和主要出入湖支流表层水样6个,分析了南漪湖水体中重金属As、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn含量和赋存形态以及沉积物中TOC、TN含量,评价了沉积物中重金属的污染程度及生态风险,并利用主成分分析和相关性分析对南漪湖污染来源进行解析。结果表明:间隙水中Pb平均浓度值超过美国优先污染物国家推荐水质基准的连续浓度(CCC);沉积物中As、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均含量高于背景值倍数为Pb(3.36)>Mn(2.74)>Zn(2.51)>As(1.8)>Cu(1.4)>Ni(1.34)>Cr(1.13)。沉积物中重金属As、Cr、Ni和Pb以残渣态为主,Zn在东湖区非残渣态占比54%,Mn在东湖区铁锰氧化物结合态占比达37.4%,Cu在西湖区有机物及硫化物结合态占比为26.7%。重金属潜在生态风险评价法表明Pb在13位点潜在生态风险等级为中等;重金属分配系数(lgKd)平均值及排序为Cr(4.80)>Zn(4.50)>Cu(4.43)>Pb(4.37)>Ni(4.31)>As(4.27)>Mn(2.73)。主成分分析、相关性分析和空间分布表明南漪湖水体污染主要来源于入湖河流汇集的工业废水、湖区水产养殖和水生生物降解以及周边农业和居民生活的面源输入。基于全湖区Pb生态风险较高,后续应持续关注重金属Pb对南漪湖水环境和生态系统的影响。In recent years,with the rapid economic development of the Yangtze River Basin,the local government has attached great importance to the deterioration of the water quality of Nanyi Lake,the lake of the South Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.In this study,39 samples were collected from surface sediments of the whole lake area and 6 surface water samples from the main inlet and outlet tributaries,and the contents and distribution patterns of heavy metals As,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Zn and the contents of TOC and TN in the sediments of Nanyi Lake were analyzed.The pollution degree and ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments were evaluated,and the pollution sources of Nanyi Lake were analyzed by principal component analysis and correlation analysis.The results showed that the average concentration of Pb in interstitial water exceeded the Criteria Continuous Concentration(CCC)of the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria.The average contents of As,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb and Zn in sediments were higher than the river background value in the Jianghuai River Basin of Anhui Province,and the multiples exceeding the background value were Pb(3.36)>Mn(2.74)>Zn(2.51)>As(1.80)>Cu(1.40)>Ni(1.34)>Cr(1.13).Fractions of heavy metals analysis showed that As,Cr,Ni and Pb existed mainly in residual fractions(F4),while Zn was dominated by the non-residual fraction(F1+F2+F3)with a mass fraction of 54%,and the reducible fraction(F2)of Mn was 37.4%in East Lake,the sulfide and organic matter bound state(F3)of Cu in the West Lake accounted for 26.7%.The potential ecological risk assessment method of heavy metals showed that Pb was a medium-risk in 13 sampling site.The average value and order of heavy metal partition coefficient(lgKd)in sediments were Cr(4.80)>Zn(4.50)>Cu(4.43)>Pb(4.37)>Ni(4.31)>As(4.27)>Mn(2.73).The principal component analysis and correlation analysis and spatial distribution showed that the water pollution of Nanyi Lake mainly came from the industrial wastewater collected by the rivers entering the lake,aquaculture

关 键 词：南漪湖 重金属 生态风险 来源分析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X56