刑事责任年龄的调整剖释及适用审思——以《刑法修正案(十一)》为视角  

An Analysis of the Adjustment of the Age of Criminal Responsibility and Its Application——From the Perspective of the Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law

作　　者：郭思宇 GUO Siyu(Jilin University,Changchun,130012,Jilin)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2023年第2期94-103,共10页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(十一)》结合我国具体国情,通过特定罪行、特别条件和特殊程序审慎将刑事责任年龄个别下调至12周岁,在回应了国情民意的基础上,体现了制度映射下刑法对低龄未成年人犯罪的主动应对,为刑事责任年龄增加了弹性色彩,具有重要意义。但是,新刑事责任年龄之具体适用仍存在需要解决的问题。审思实体要件的适用,应将“故意杀人、故意伤害罪”解释为具体犯罪行为,删除“情节恶劣”或对其作强调理解,从痛苦性、特殊性、反复性三种角度把握“特别残忍手段”之认定,同时防止“重伤严重残疾”认定在实然层面的逻辑架空。审思程序要件的适用,应明确新核准权的权力性质和作用,警惕核准权对审判权的僭越,制定具体程序,做好司法衔接,使公正与效率得到更好兼顾。The Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law has carefully lowered the age of criminal responsibility to the age of 12 through specific crimes,special conditions and special procedures in combination with China's specific national conditions.On the basis of responding to the national conditions and public opinion,it reflects the active response of the criminal law to young juvenile delinquency under the system mapping,and adds flexibility to the age of criminal responsibility,which is of great significance.However,the specific application of the new age of criminal responsibility still has problems to be solved.In the application of substantive requirements,"intentional homicide and intentional injury"should be interpreted as specific criminal behavior,and"the circumstances are execrable"should be deleted or emphasized to understand,and the identification of"especially cruel means"should be held from the perspectives of pain,particularity and repeatability,and the identification of"serious injury and serious disability"should be prevented from losing its logic at the practical level.The application of procedural requirements should clarify the nature and role of the new approval power,be vigilant against the infringement of judicial power by the approval power,formulate specific procedures,and ensure judicial connection,so as to better balance fairness and efficiency.

关 键 词：刑事责任年龄 《刑法修正案(十一)》 实体要件 程序要件 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]