基于超声微振动的风力机叶片除冰研究  

Researches on Ultrasonic De-icing Method of Wind Turbine Blade

作　　者：郭文峰[1] 张影微[1] 董笑宇 沈贺 李岩[1] GUO Wenfeng;ZHANG Yingwei;DONG Xiaoyu;SHEN He;LI Yan(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2023年第7期1808-1814,共7页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51976029);风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室开放基金(No.2020ZD03)。

摘　　要：风力机在寒冷潮湿地区工作时,叶片表面会产生积冰,降低叶片气动性能。为减少或去除积冰,提高风力机发电效率,本文开展了风力机叶片超声微振动除冰研究。设计了前缘为中空结构的翼型叶片,仿真计算了除冰振型,制作了叶片样件,测量了样件的固有频率。搭建了冰风洞试验系统和超声驱动系统,研制了一款翼型叶片冰层切向黏结力测量装置,开展了叶片超声微振动结冰时除冰和结冰后除冰研究,测量并计算了叶片表面结冰量和冰层黏结剪应力。研究结果表明,当结冰环境温度较高时,叶片结冰时超声微振动可以降低结冰量,具有除冰作用。在结冰后除冰中,可以显著降低冰层黏结强度。激振频率为21.2kHz时,黏结强度最低,约为0.084MPa。本研究为深入开展风力机叶片超声除冰技术奠定了基础。tIce accretion presents on the wind turbine blade working in the cold and humid region.It degrades the aerodynamic characteristic of the blade.For decreasing and removing the ice layer on the wind turbine blade surface and improving the eficiency of the wind turbine,the ultrasonic de-icing method is researched in this paper.A kind of airfoil blade with a hollow structure at the leading edge was designed in this paper.Then the simulation on the modal analysis of it was conducted.By this way,the vibration mode of the ultrasonic de-icing method was decided.In this vibration mode,the layout of the PZT patches was decided.After that,the test coupon of the blade was manufactured,and its natural frequencies was tested.For carrying on the de-icing test,an icing wind tunnel system and an ultrasonic driving system were built up,and a kind of device which was used to measure the shear adhesion strength of the ice was manufactured and applied.Then the de-icing tests under the action of ultrasonic vibration were carried out and researched.In these tests,the amount and the shear adhesion force of ice were measured and analyzed.The research findings show that the amount of ice decreased under the action of ultrasonic vibration when the ambient temperature was high.It validates that ultrasonic vibration has de-icing effect in the process of icing.Additionally,it also validates that ultrasonic vibration can decrease the shear adhesion strength of ice.The shear adhesion strength of ice was lowest under the frequency of 21.2kHz.It was just 0.084MPa.The research findings in the present study provide a reference for carrying out the in-depth exploration of ultrasonic de-icing of wind turbine.

关 键 词：风力机 除冰 超声微振动 结冰特性 黏结力 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]