环青海湖地区多年生禾草的混播效应  

Effects of Mixed Seeding of Perennial Grasses in the Area Around Qinghai Lake

作　　者：童永尚 张春平 俞旸[1] 曹铨 董全民[1] 杨增增 张雪 张小芳 霍丽安 李彩弟 TONG Yong-shang;ZHANG Chun-ping;YU Yang;CAO Quan;DONG Quan-min;YANG Zeng-zeng;ZHANG Xue;ZHANG Xiao-fang;HUO Li-an;LI Cai-di(Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland,Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Key Laboratory of the Alpine Grassland Ecology in the Three Rivers Region(Qinghai University),Ministry of Education,Xining,Qinghai Province 748100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省畜牧兽医学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室(青海大学),青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第7期2203-2209,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1302104);基于飞地经济的时空耦合型生态畜牧业技术研发和创新(2022-MK-134)资助。

摘　　要：为明确环青海湖地区多年生禾草的混播效果,本研究在海南州共和县巴卡台农牧场开展了多年生禾草混播试验,以适宜高寒草甸种植生长的5个多年生乡土草种(T,‘同德’短芒披碱草(Elymus sibiricus‘Tongde’)、Z,‘青海’中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis‘Qinghai’)、C,‘青海’草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis‘Qinghai’)、L,‘青海’冷地早熟禾(Poa crymophila‘Qinghai’)、B,‘青海’扁茎早熟禾(Poa pratensis var.anceps‘Qinghai’))为实验材料,采用随机区组方式,设置6个混播组合,对建植后第3年的植被群落结构和土壤理化特性进行测定分析。结果表明:不同组合混播草地建后第3年,其群落结构和土壤养分差异较大。ZC混播组合盖度和地上生物量显著高于其他组合,为96.1%和5.42 t·hm^(-2)(P<0.05);TZCL混播组合物种多样性相对较高;TCL混播处理下土壤全氮、有机质最高,值为3.1和77.9 g·kg^(-1)。TOPSIS综合评价表明,ZC混播处理是环青海湖地区人工草地建植最理想的混播组合。In order to explore the effects of mixed seeding of perennial grasses in the area around Qinghai Lake,a mixed seeding experiment of perennial grasses was carried out in Bakatai Farm,Gonghe County,Hainan,Qinghai.Five perennial native grass species(T,Elymus sibiricus‘Tongde’,Z,Festuca sinensis‘Qinghai’,C,Poa pratensis‘Qinghai’,L,Poa crymophila‘Qinghai’,B,Poa pratensis var.anceps‘Qinghai’)suitable for planting and growing in alpine meadows were selected as the research object,using a random grouping method,six mixed sowing combinations were planted then to measure and analyze the vegetation community structure and soil physicochemical characteristics in the third year after planting.The results showed that the community structure and soil nutrients of mixed grassland with different combinations varied greatly in the third year after planting.The coverage and aboveground biomass of ZC mixed combination were significantly higher than those of other combinations,with a value of 96.1%and 5.42 t·hm^(-2) respectively(P<0.05).The species diversity of TZCL mixed sowing combination was relatively high.The soil total nitrogen and organic matter were the highest under the TCL mixed sowing treatment,which were 3.1 and 77.9 g·kg^(-1).TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation showed that the ZC mixed sowing is the most ideal mixed sowing combination for artificial grassland establishment in the area around Qinghai Lake.

关 键 词：环青海湖 人工草地 混播组合 TOPSIS模型 

分 类 号：S283[农业科学—农业水土工程]