2019~2021年某肿瘤专科医院院内感染情况分析  

Analysis of Nosocomial Infection in a Cancer Hospital from 2019 to 2021

作　　者：黄丽华 刘娇 彭雪儿 李晨光 朱浩智 李欢[1] 邓创忠 HUANG Li-hua;LIU Jiao;PENG Xue-er;LI Chen-guang;ZHU Hao-zhi;LI Huan;DENG Chuang-zhong(Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center//State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Guangzhou,510060,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心//华南肿瘤学国家重点实验室,广东广州510060

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2023年第4期697-703,共7页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技厅基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515110210)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解肿瘤医院院感情况及其变化趋势,探讨肿瘤专科医院感染防控重点策略。【方法】通过医院感染监测系统获取中山大学肿瘤防治中心2019~2021年医院感染质量控制指标数据,采用卡方检验和趋势卡方检验对指标变化进行分析。【结果】2019~2021年该院院感发生率分别为0.80%、0.78%和0.57%,逐年显著下降(P<0.001)。其中以手术部位和呼吸系统感染较常见,两部位占比分别是35.75%和31.08%。革兰阴性菌和真菌是主要病原体。多重耐药菌院感发生率逐年显著上升,从0.08‰上升至0.14‰(P<0.001),其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、碳青霉烯类肠杆菌和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌上升明显。三管相关感染发生率在3年间无显著差异(P>0.05),仍处较高水平。【结论】2019~2021年该肿瘤专科医院院感情况总体得到改善。呼吸系统和手术部位、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌为主的多重耐药菌及三管相关感染防控是肿瘤专科医院医院感染防控工作薄弱环节,应重点推进。【Objective】To understand the situation of nosocomial infection in cancer hospitals and its changing trend,so as to provide a basis for adjusting the focus of nosocomial infection prevention and control in cancer hospitals.【Methods】Data of nosocomial infection quality control indices of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2019 to 2021 were ob⁃tained through the nosocomial infection monitoring system,and the changes of these indices across the three years were an⁃alyzed by Chi-square test and Cochran-Armitage trend test.【Results】From 2019 to 2021,the incidence rates of nosocomi⁃al infection in this hospital were 0.80%,0.78%and 0.57%,which decreased significantly year by year(P<0.001).Among them,surgical site and respiratory system infection were more common,accounting for 35.75%and 31.08%,respectively.Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were the main pathogens.The incidence rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospital increased year by year,from 0.08‰to 0.14‰(P<0.001),among which methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,car⁃bapenem-resistant Enterobacter and bacteria producing ultra-broad spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBLs)bacteria increased significantly.The incidence rates of three-tube associated infections were no different across 3 years(P>0.05),which were still at high levels.【Conclusion】From 2019 to 2021,the prevention and control of nonsocomial infection in the cancer hospital has been improved overall.Meanwhile,the infections of respiratory system and surgical sites,ESBLs related mul⁃tidrug-resistant bacteria and three-tube are weak links in cancer specialized hospitals,which need to be emphasized and improved.

关 键 词：肿瘤患者 院内感染 多重耐药菌 预防与控制 

分 类 号：R197.5[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]