基于村域尺度的传统耕作制度对耕地生产能力提升的思考  

Consideration of the Traditional Farming System Based on the Village Scale on the Improvement of Cultivated Land Production Capacity

作　　者：曹慧冰 韦燕飞 童新华 Cao Huibing;Wei Yanfei;Tong Xinhua(College of Natural Resources and Geomatics,Nanning Normal University,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China;School of Geographic Sciences and Planning,Nanning Normal University,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学自然资源与测绘学院,广西南宁530001 [2]南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第11期191-197,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：耕地是农业发展的根基,只有提升耕地生产能力,才能守住粮食安全底线。从村域尺度,采用文献研究法、实地调查法,分析粮食生产现状,剖析了研究区的传统耕作制度及其耕地生产能力制约条件,从中得出提升耕地生产能力的思考。结果表明:①研究区早籼稻和晚籼稻生产成本呈现增加趋势,其中机耕成本为170~180元/亩、收割成本为120~300元/亩、农药成本为120~130元/亩、化肥成本为120~230元/亩、水稻种子成本为47~50元/斤。②耕地生产能力制约因素主要是耕作方式陈旧、收割业务不完善、生产成本高、种植粮食补贴少以及农田基础设施落后,从提升农民生产意识、改进耕作方式、发展农业机械化、完善农村基础设施4方面提高耕地生产能力,为当地管理土地、增加粮食产量、促进农业农村现代化发展提供参考。Arable land is the foundation of agricultural development,which improves cultivated land production capacity,and safeguards the bottom line of food security.This paper analyzes the current situation of grain production from the village scale,using the literature research method and field investigation method,analyzes the traditional farming system and its constraints on cultivated land production capacity in the study area,and derives the thinking on improving cultivated land production capacity.The results showed that:①The production costs of early indica rice and late indica rice in the study area showed an increasing trend,among which the cost of machine tillage was 170~180 yuan per acres;the harvesting cost was 120~300 yuan per acres;the cost of pesticides was 120~130 yuan per acres;the cost of chemical fertilizer was 120~230 yuan per acres,and the cost of rice seeds was 47~50 yuan per catty.②The constraints of cultivated land production capacity are mainly outdated farming methods,imperfect harvesting business,high production costs,low subsidies for planting grain and backward farmland infrastructure.Suggestions are proposed to improve cultivated land production capacity from four aspects:enhancing farmers'production awareness,improving farming methods,developing agricultural mechanization,and improving rural infrastructure,so as to provide reference for local land management,increase grain production,and promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

关 键 词：传统耕作制度 耕地生产能力 村域尺度 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]