Seasonal diet and microbiome shifts in wild rhesus macaques are better correlated at the level of nutrient components than food items  

作　　者：Zhenwei CUI Andrew JHOLMES Wenjuan ZHANG Dalong HU Qi SHAO Zhenlong WANG Jiqi LU David RAUBENHEIMER 

机构地区：[1]Centre for Nutritional Ecology,Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China [2]School of Life Sciences,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China [3]School of Basic Medical Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China [4]Charles Perkins Centre,School of Life and Environmental Sciences,University of Sydney,Sydney,New South Wales,Australia [5]School of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,China

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2022年第6期1147-1161,共15页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30970378,31170503);China Postdoctoral Sciences Foundation(No.2019M662520);the State Scholarship Fund from China Scholarship Council(No.201707040024).

摘　　要：Food supply is one of the major drivers of animal behavior,and the gut microbiome is an important mediator be-tween food supply and its effects on physiology.However,predicting the outcome of diet change on microbiome and consequences for the animal has proven extremely challenging.We propose this reflects processes occurring at different scales.Inadequate accounting for the multi-level complexity of nutrition(nutrients,foods,diets)obscures the diet influence on microbiome and subsequently animal.Here,we present a detailed year-round,multi-level analysis of diet and microbiome changes in a wild population of a temperate primate,the rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta).Total daily food and nutrient intake of 6 male and 6 female macaques was monitored in each of the 4 sea-sons(total 120 days observations).For each individual,we found significant variation in the microbiome between all 4 seasons.This response was more strongly correlated with changes in macronutrient intake than with food items and much of the response could be explained at the level of 6 ecological guilds—sets of taxa sharing similar responses to nutrient intake.We conclude that study of diet,microbiome,and animal performance in ecology will more effectively identify patterns if diet is recorded at the level of nutrient intake.Although microbiome response to diet does show variation in species-level taxa in response to food items,there is greater commonality in response at the level of guilds.A goal for microbiome researchers should be to identify genes encoding microbial attributes that can define such guilds.

关 键 词：gut microbiome MACAQUE nutrition nutritional ecology SEASONALITY 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]