俄乌冲突与德国能源安全战略转型  

Russia-Ukraine Conflict and the Transformation of German Energy Security Strategy

作　　者：张语娇 沈文辉[2] Zhang Yujiao;Shen Wenhui(School of Marxism,Xiangtan University;School of Foreign Languages,Human Institute of Engineering)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学马克思主义学院 [2]湖南工程学院

出　　处：《战略决策研究》2023年第4期62-84,I0003,I0004,共25页Journal of Strategy and Decision-Making

摘　　要：俄乌冲突爆发后,德国大幅调整了其能源安全战略,表现在大力推进能源类型的多样化和能源供应市场的多元化,其中的核心内容是能源供应的去俄罗斯化。导致德国能源安全战略转型的因素众多:从内部来看,德国一直因其对俄能源依赖程度过高存有疑虑;从外部来看,美国一直对俄欧能源合作实施“反楔子”战略。但这些仅仅为德国能源安全战略的转型提供了可能,真正将这种可能变成现实的是俄乌冲突这一重大地缘政治事件。德国是欧盟的重要支柱,因此,其能源安全战略的转型也是欧洲能源安全战略转型的缩影。同时,德国是世界主要经济体之一,其能源安全战略转型改变了欧洲的能源政治版图,并由此引发全球的地缘经济结构和地缘政治结构的改变。可见,地缘政治与能源政治之间是一种双向的互动关系:前者引发能源政治格局的改变,反过来,后者将塑造新的地缘政治格局,并导致地缘经济格局的改变。为了维护各国利益,国际社会应该构建以联合国为中心的人类能源安全命运共同体。After the outbreak of the Russian-Ukraine conflict,Germany has adjusted its energy security strategy,which seeks promoting the diversification of energy as well as its supply sources.The core content is the de-Russianization of its energy supply.The reasons for this transformation are:internally,Germany has always had doubts about German-Russian energy cooperation;externally,the United States has been implementing an"anti-wedge"strategy for Russian-European energy cooperation.However they signify only the possibility of the transformation of Germany􀆳s energy security strategy,what really turns this possibility into reality is the Russia-Ukraine conflict.Germany is an important pillar of the European Union,so the transformation of its energy security strategy can be a model of other European countries.At the same time,Germany is a major world economy,and its energy security strategy transformation has changed the energy-politic map of Europe,which has led to the change of global geo-economic structure and geopo⁃litical structure.There is a two-way interactive relationship between geopolitics and energy politics.The former leads to the change of energy political pattern,while the latter will shape a new geopolitical pattern and lead to the change of geo-economic pattern.In order to safeguard the interests of all countries,the international community should build a community of human energy security des⁃tiny centered on the United Nations.

关 键 词：德国能源安全战略 俄乌冲突 去俄罗斯化 地缘政治 能源政治 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] F416.2[政治法律—政治学]