论莎士比亚喜剧中的女扮男装  

On Women Disguised as Men in Shakespeare’s Comedies

作　　者：曾艳兵[1] Zeng Yanbing(Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学

出　　处：《中世纪与文艺复兴研究》2023年第1期104-125,共22页Medieval and Renaissance Studies

摘　　要：莎士比亚有5部喜剧运用了女扮男装的技巧和手法。女扮男装在这5部喜剧中的作用不可忽视,与喜剧的思想内容、人物形象、故事情节等方面都密不可分,没有女扮男装就没有这5部喜剧。然而,学术界有关莎翁喜剧中的女扮男装问题的研究还相当薄弱。在人类历史上女扮男装并非从来就有,它的出现与社会不平等,尤其是男女不平等密切相关。英国文艺复兴时期女扮男装在戏剧舞台上频繁亮相,有其独特的历史文化背景。莎剧中的女扮男装不仅是歌颂爱情与新女性的手段,也是揭露黑暗社会和男权中心主义的武器。莎士比亚喜剧中的女扮男装还具有独特的艺术妙趣。莎士比亚具有点铁成金、脱胎换骨的本领,他继承并发展了西方女扮男装的文学传统。莎剧中的女扮男装与中国戏剧中的女扮男装互为对照、相映成趣,构成了一个有意思的比较文学论题。Women disguise themselves as men in five comedies of William Shakespeare.These comedies are inseparable from women disguised as men in terms of ideological content,character image,plot,and other aspects.If there were no women disguised as men,there would not be these comedies.Therefore,the role of disguise should not be ignored in these comedies.However,research on the problem of women disguising themselves as men in Shakespeare’s comedies is still rare.Women didn’t disguise themselves as men at the beginning of human history.The emergence of women disguised as men is closely related to social inequality,especially gender inequality.The frequent appearance of women disguising as men on the dramatic stage in the period of British Renaissance has its unique historical and cultural background.The method that women disguise themselves as men in Shakespeare’s plays is not only a means to celebrate love and new women but also a weapon to expose the dark society and male chauvinism.The technique of women disguised as men in Shakespeare’s plays also has a unique artistic wit.Shakespeare inherits and develops the Western literary tradition of women disguising as men.The female impersonation of men in Shakespeare’s and Chinese plays contrast finely with each other,which forms an interesting topic in comparative literature studies.

关 键 词：莎士比亚 文艺复兴 喜剧 女扮男装 爱情 艺术妙趣 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]