草地贪夜蛾对水稻的取食选择性、适合度及其与叶片生化物质含量的关系  

Feeding preference and fitness of Spodoptera frugiperda on rice and their relationships with biochemical substance contents of leaves

作　　者：王召 朱环[1] 黄近 金道超 杨洪[2,3] WANG Zhao;ZHU Huan;HUANG Jin;JIN Daochao;YANG Hong(College of Life and Health Science,Kaili University,Kaili 556011,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region,Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Tobacco,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里学院大健康学院,凯里556011 [2]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学烟草学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第4期21-28,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：贵州省教育厅扶持市(州)高校质量提升工程(202223,202227);黔东南州基础研究计划(黔东南科合基础[2021]07号);凯里学院博士专项(BS202002,BS201331);贵州省教育厅创新人才团队项目(黔教合人才团队字[2013]26号)。

摘　　要：为明确草地贪夜蛾对我国不同水稻品种存在的潜在威胁,本研究采用自由选择法比较了草地贪夜蛾1龄和3龄幼虫对11个水稻品种的取食选择性,测定了6个水稻品种叶片的生化物质含量,并分析了该害虫取食选择与叶片生化物质含量的相关性,进一步研究了草地贪夜蛾在6个水稻品种上的适合度。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾幼虫对11个水稻品种的取食选择性存在显著差异,对‘N5Y306’‘XY66’和‘ZZYH7’表现出较高的取食选择率,而对‘KY21’‘TY390’和‘TXY’的取食选择率较低。相关分析表明,1龄幼虫的取食选择率与可溶性糖含量表现为显著正相关,3龄幼虫的取食选择率与总酚含量表现为显著负相关。取食6个水稻品种的草地贪夜蛾生长发育和繁殖存在差异,以取食‘N5Y306’的幼虫历期最短(14.75 d)、化蛹率最高(88.65%)、单雌产卵量最多(537.56粒),而取食‘TXY’的幼虫历期最长(18.38 d)、化蛹率最低(67.38%)、单雌产卵量最少(227.68粒)。综合表明,草地贪夜蛾在不同水稻品种上均能够完成生长发育并实现种群繁殖,其在‘N5Y306’上的种群适合度最高。To clarify the potential threat of Spodoptera frugiperda to different rice cultivars in China,the feeding preference of the 1st-instar and 3rd-instar larvae of S.frugiperda on 11 rice cultivars was measured by free choice method.The contents of biochemical substances in the leaves of six rice cultivars were determined;the correlation between the feeding preference and the contents of biochemical substances in rice leaves was analyzed,and the fitness of S.frugiperda on these six rice cultivars was studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in the feeding preference of S.frugiperda larvae on 11 rice cultivars.They preferred to feed on‘N5Y306’‘XY66’and‘ZZYH7’,but not on‘KY21’‘TY390’and‘TXY’.The feeding preference of the 1st-instar larvae was significantly positively correlated with the contents of soluble sugar.The feeding preference of the 3rd-instar larvae was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of total phenol.There were differences in the development and reproduction of S.frugiperda feeding on the six rice cultivars,with the shortest larval duration(14.75 d),the highest pupation rate(88.65%)and the most eggs laid per female(537.56 eggs)on‘N5Y306’,and the longest larval duration(18.38 d),the lowest pupation rate(67.38%)and the least eggs(227.68 eggs)on‘TXY’.Our study suggests that S.frugiperda can complete its development and maintain population reproduction on the six rice cultivars.The fitness of S.frugiperda feeding on‘N5Y306’is the highest.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 水稻 取食选择 适合度 生化物质 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]