利用吸虫塔监测吉林省迁飞性有翅蚜群落结构及多样性  

Monitoring of the structure and diversity of migratory winged aphid communities in Jilin province by suction trap

作　　者：潘艺元 孙嵬[2] 高悦 苏前富[2] 张秀华 周佳春[2] 时丰敏 赵洪文[5] 马洪亮 高月波[2] PAN Yiyuan;SUN Wei;GAO Yue;SU Qianfu;ZHANG Xiuhua;ZHOU Jiachun;SHI Fengmin;ZHAO Hongwen;MA Hongliang;GAO Yuebo(College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Plant Protection,Jinlin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling 136100,China;Jixing Agricultural Technology Service Center,Jilin Province,Gongzhuling 136100,China;Taonan Comprehensive Experimental Station,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taonan 137100,China;Dunhua Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Jilin Province,Dunhua 133700,China;Tonghua Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Province,Tonghua 134000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学植物保护学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部农村东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,公主岭136100 [3]吉林省吉兴农业技术服务中心,公主岭136100 [4]吉林省农业科学院洮南综合试验站,洮南137100 [5]吉林省敦化市农业技术推广中心,敦化133700 [6]吉林省通化市农业科学研究院,通化134000

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第4期29-40,共12页Plant Protection

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20210202120NC);吉林省农业科学院创新工程项目(CXGC2021TD001,CXGC2021RCY004);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-02)。

摘　　要：为明确吉林省有翅蚜种类、迁飞动态及群落结构,丰富蚜虫多样性研究资料,并为蚜类害虫的监测预警工作提供支持,本研究于2019年-2021年利用吸虫塔在吉林省4个具有代表性的地区对有翅蚜进行了吸捕,并对55334头有翅蚜进行了鉴定,结果表明,这些有翅蚜分属于9科61种,其中8种主要为害禾本科及豆科作物,本文明确了这8种蚜虫的种群动态。风场分析显示,迁入期风速小于5 m/s时蚜虫的吸捕量较多,风向对蚜虫在各监测地区之间迁移的影响没有规律性。群落多样性指数分析显示,5月Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数最低,7月最高。9月为有翅蚜主要迁出期,种类丰富度相对较高,群落多样性水平低。4个地区5月优势种均为荻草谷网蚜Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi),9月优势种均为禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)。群落相似性分析表明,各地5月群落与6月-9月群落相似性水平低,分布在0.16~0.48,处于极不相似及中等不相似。西部平原地区群落间相似性水平高于东部山区。本研究提供了吉林省有翅蚜群落组成和多样性基本信息,为科学制定蚜虫防控策略提供理论依据。To determine the species,population dynamics and community structure of aphids,enrich research materials on aphid diversity and provide support for the forecasting of aphid pests,the suction trap was used to monitor the winged aphid in four representative areas of Jilin province from 2019 to 2021.The results showed that 55334 winged aphids belonging to 61 species of 9 families were identified,and the population dynamics of eight species of mainly harming Poaceae and Fabaceae were clarified.Wind field analysis indicated that the number of winged aphids captured in the suction trap was relatively more when the wind speed during the immigration period was less than 5 m/s,and the influence of wind direction on immigration of the winged aphids between the monitoring sites does not show regularity.The community diversity index indicated that the Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index were lowest in May and highest in July.September was the main emigration period of winged aphids,with a relatively higher species richness,but the diversity level of aphid community was low,which was affected by the dominant species.The dominant species in the four regions were Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi)in May and Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)in September.The community similarity analysis showed that the similarity coefficient between communities in May and in June-to-September were low,ranging from 0.16 to 0.48,which were highly dissimilar or moderately dissimilar.The community’s similarity in the western plain were higher than that in the eastern mountainous area.This study provides the basic information for the composition and diversity of the winged aphid community in Jilin province,and provides the theoretical basis for scientific formulation of aphid prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：有翅蚜 吸虫塔 种类组成 种群动态 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]