木霉生物合成纳米铜条件优化及其对甜瓜枯萎病防效的研究  

Optimization of the conditions for the biosynthesis of Cu-NPs by Trichoderma longibrachiatum and its control effect on melon Fusarium wilt

作　　者：崔晓慧 钟震 姚薇 刘限[1] 高增贵[2] CUI Xiaohui;ZHONG Zhen;YAO Wei;LIU Xian;GAO Zenggui(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院,沈阳110866 [2]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第4期47-54,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新资金(NGSB-2021-10-01)。

摘　　要：纳米技术在农业领域中的应用是人们关注的焦点,纳米材料在提高作物产量和控制病虫害方面发挥着重要作用。本研究探究了木霉发酵液与CuSO_(4)生物合成Cu-NPs的较优反应条件,对合成的Cu-NPs颗粒进行了表征分析,并研究了Cu-NPs对尖镰孢Fusarium oxysporum生长的抑制作用和对甜瓜枯萎病的防治效果。结果表明,木霉发酵液和CuSO_(4)溶液反应可有效合成Cu-NPs,其较优合成条件是:15 mmol/L硫酸铜,pH 7,温度35℃。UV-Vis显示合成的Cu-NPs表面等离子体共振发生在325~425 nm,吸收峰最高;透射电镜分析表明,较优条件下合成的Cu-NPs粒子是分散的,平均粒径为2.45 nm;XRD证明Cu-NPs高度结晶,呈面心立方结构;FTIR分析显示,Cu-NPs富含多种官能团,起到稳定Cu-NPs的作用。Cu-NPs对尖镰孢的生长有抑制作用,造成菌落稀疏、菌丝纤细和产孢量下降,可有效降低甜瓜枯萎病的发病率和病情指数。木霉生物合成Cu-NPs为甜瓜枯萎病的防治和新型生防制剂的研制提供了新材料和新思路。The application of nanotechnology in agriculture has received much attention,and nanomaterials play an important role in improving crop yield and controlling pests.In this study,the optimized conditions for the biosynthesis of Cu-NPs using Trichoderma fermentation broth and CuSO_(4)were explored.Cu-NPs was characterized using UV-Vis,TEM,XRD and FTIR technique,and the antifungal activity of Cu-NPs against Fusarium oxysporum and its control effect on melon Fusarium wilt were studied.The results showed that Cu-NPs could be effectively synthesized using Trichoderma fermentation broth,and the optimal conditions for synthesis of Cu-NPs were as followed:15 mmol/L CuSO_(4),pH 7,and 35℃.UV-Vis analysis showed that the surface plasmon resonance of the synthesized Cu-NPs occurred at 325-425 nm,with a highest absorption peak;TEM analysis showed that the synthesized Cu-NPs particles were dispersed,and the average particle size was 2.45 nm;XRD analysis confirmed that the Cu-NPs were crystalline and had a face-centered cubic structure;FTIR analysis indicated that the Cu-NPs were rich in a variety of functional groups,which play a role in stabilizing Cu-NPs.The synthesized Cu-NPs had an inhibitory effect on the growth of F.oxysporum,resulting in sparse colonies,slender hyphae and low spore production,which could effectively reduce the incidence and disease index of melon Fusarium wilt.The Cu-NPs synthesized by Trichoderma sp.provide a new material and ideas for the control of melon Fusarium wilt and the development of new biocontrol agents.

关 键 词：木霉 纳米铜 合成优化 尖镰孢 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]