玉米禾谷镰孢茎腐病和穗腐病抗性鉴定接种方法的比较  

Comparison of inoculation methods for identification of maize resistance to stalk rot and ear rot caused by Fusarium graminearum

作　　者：张海东[1] 董怀玉[1] 王丽娟[1] 刘可杰[1] 杨蕾[1] ZHANG Haidong;DONG Huaiyu;WANG Lijuan;LIU Kejie;YANG Lei(Institute of Plant Protection,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第4期239-244,268,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200700);辽宁省农业科学院基本科研计划(2021HQ1903);辽宁省自然科学基金(2020-MS-046)。

摘　　要：田间采用不同人工接种鉴定方法对92份玉米种质同步进行玉米禾谷镰孢茎腐病和穗腐病抗性评价与筛选,明确了东北春玉米产区玉米禾谷镰孢茎腐病、穗腐病抗性鉴定的最佳接种方法:茎节注射法在玉米禾谷镰孢茎腐病抗性精准鉴定中可更好地评价玉米种质的抗病性,综合考虑接种方法的实用性和可操作性,菌土覆盖法对大体量的规模化种质进行田间抗病性鉴定更具有优势;双牙签法对玉米穗腐病抗性鉴定中在种质接种后发病的严重度、田间进行接种的可操作性和实用性等方面均优于花丝通道法。同时筛选出对玉米禾谷镰孢茎腐病抗性稳定的种质52份,对穗腐病抗性稳定的种质66份,对2种病害均表现稳定抗性的兼抗种质33份。Different artificial inoculation identification methods were used in the field to evaluate the resistance of 92 maize germplasm to Fusarium graminearum stalk rot and ear rot,and the best inoculation method for the resistance identification of F.graminearum stalk rot and ear rot in northeast spring maize producing area was determined.Stem node injection method may better evaluate the resistance of maize germplasm in the accurate identification of F.graminearum stalk rot resistance.Comprehensively consider the practicability and operability of the inoculation method,inoculated soil covering method may have more advantages in identifying the disease resistance of large-scale germplasm in the field.For the identification of resistance to corn ear rot,the double toothpick method is better than the pollen-tube pathway method in consideration of the incidence severity of inoculated germplasm,the operability and applicability of field inoculation.At the same time,we screened 52 inbred lines with stable resistance to F.graminearum stalk rot,66 inbred lines to ear rot and 33 inbred lines to both diseases.

关 键 词：玉米 禾谷镰孢 茎腐病 穗腐病 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.131.49[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]