稻粉虱的发生及其化学防治药剂筛选  

Occurrence of rice whitefly,Aleurocybotus indicus David et Subramaniam and the laboratory screening of chemical control agents

作　　者：魏琪 何佳春[1] 赖凤香[1] 王渭霞[1] 万品俊 傅强[1] WEI Qi;HE Jiachun;LAI Fengxiang;WANG Weixia;WAN Pinjun;FU Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 311401,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州311401

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第4期284-292,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划(2022C02047);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202122);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-CNRRI)。

摘　　要：稻粉虱Aleurocybotus indicus David et Subramaniam,属半翅目粉虱科,以刺吸式口器为害水稻叶片而导致产量损失,是我国闽、赣、浙等稻区的一种偶发性水稻害虫,近20多年已鲜有报道,但2019年-2021年在中国水稻研究所富阳试验农场稻田暴发。本文描述了稻粉虱的为害症状和形态特征,并配以原色照片;克隆得到了稻粉虱线粒体DNA COⅠ基因片段,发现其与烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci序列一致性最高(85.80%);田间调查表明,富阳试验农场及周边稻田稻粉虱均有不同程度的发生,但前者发生量明显较高(每个分蘖最高可达251头),推测可能与农场温室内的稻粉虱越冬虫源有关;利用稻苗浸渍法评估了不同作用机制的7种杀虫剂对稻粉虱的毒力,发现双丙环虫酯、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟啶虫胺腈、氟啶虫酰胺和溴氰虫酰胺对稻粉虱成虫均有较好的杀虫活性,其中前4种药剂推荐中剂量处理后72 h的校正死亡率均可达100%,其LC 50分别为3.028、3.769、6.405 mg/L和7.894 mg/L。本研究可为我国稻粉虱的识别诊断和化学防治提供重要依据。Rice whitefly,Aleurocybotus indicus David et Subramaniam(Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae),is one of occasional rice pest species occurring in rice-producing areas of Fujian,Jiangxi,Zhejiang and other provinces in China,which damages the rice leaves with its piercing-sucking mouthparts and inflictis losses in crop yields.During 2019-2021,the outbreaks of rice whiteflies took place in Fuyang experimental farm of China National Rice Research Institute(CNRRI)although it had been rarely reported in the past twenty-odd years.In this study,the morphological features and damage symptoms of this pest occurrence were characterized by the high-quality and color photos for the pest recognition and damage diagnosis.The DNA COⅠgene fragment was cloned from A.indicus,which had the highest percentage sequence identity(85.80%)with Bemisia tabaci.Field survey suggested that the varying degrees of rice whitefly occurrences were noticed in experimental farm and its surrounding paddy fields,but the former case was obviously heavier(maximum 251 rice whiteflies per tiller),which might be related to the overwintering source of rice whiteflies from nearby located agricultural greenhouses.The toxicity of seven insecticides with various action modes was evaluated by rice seedling dipping method for the chemical control.Bioassay results showed that afidopyropen,chlorantraniliprole,sulfoxaflor,flonicamid and cyantraniliprole exhibited better insecticidal activities,and the corrected mortalities of the former four chemicals reached 100%for the 72 h after the recommended medium-dose insecticide treatments.Further bioassays revealed that their LC 50 values were 3.028,3.769,6.405 and 7.894 mg/L,respectively.These findings could provide an important basis for the recognition and diagnosis,and chemical control of the rice whitefly.

关 键 词：稻粉虱 发生为害 识别诊断 化学防治 

分 类 号：S435.112[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]