城市少数民族流动人口社会支持网的构建与实践——以广州市“民族之家”为例  

On the Building and Practice of a Social Support Network for the Urban Ethnic Minority Floating Population:A Case Study of"Ethnic Homes"in Guangzhou

作　　者：余翔 李敏 Yu Xiang;Li Min(Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou,510665,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学民族学院,广东广州510665

出　　处：《民族学刊》2023年第3期89-95,151,共8页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划党的十九届六中全会精神重大研究专项“整体性视角下中国共产党百年奋斗‘十条历史经验’研究”(GD22ZDZ01-11);广东省大学生科技创新培育专项资金项目(攀登计划专项)“社会认同视角下居民生活‘数字’低碳研究——基于粤港澳大湾区之实证调查分析”(pdjh2023b0314);广东技术师范大学博士点建设单位科研能力提升项目“珠三角地区城市职业院校学生中华民族共同体意识的培育研究”(22GPNUZDJS04)。

摘　　要：随着我国沿海地区经济的快速发展和少数民族群众对美好生活的不断追求,城市少数民族流动人口日益增多。广州市创建社区“民族之家”,搭建了政府、社会、少数民族流动人口之间的多元交流共融平台。以“民族之家”为典型个案,探索构建三者合一的社会支持网,能有效提升少数民族流动人口群体的城市融入度。但由于正式社会支持的不完善和非正式社会支持的力量薄弱,少数民族流动人口难以获得更多的社会支持。为此,本文提出了城市少数民族流动人口社会支持网构建的有效路径:积极推进政府、社会、少数民族流动人口三者共同发力,形成强大合力,提升社会支持质量,即健全基层民族工作部门组织建设;社会各方力量整合资源,增强社会支持的可持续性;少数民族流动人口主动作为,提升自身综合竞争力。如此,才能编织好各方期待的城市少数民族流动人口社会支持网,为城市少数民族流动人口铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供成功经验。Under the guidance of Party building work,the"Ethnic Homes"established in Guangzhou has carried out project cooperation with social organizations,providing professional and advanced services to grassroots governmental field organizations of ethnic work.It not only has strengthened services for and the management of the local urban ethnic minority floating population but also has created a diversified communication and integration platform for the government,all sectors of society,and the ethnic minority floating population itself.Under the leadership of local government,a social support network led by the government,supported by society,and joined by individuals has been gradually formed and started to play a role.Furthermore,occupying a central place in the building of the social support network,the ethnic minority floating population has been gradually eliminating its sense of strangeness and discomfort through the platform of"Ethnic Homes"and the support and help of social workers.They even have actively started to participate in community volunteer activities organized by the"Ethnic Homes",and have been promoting exchange,interaction,and integration among all ethnic groups in social participation,contributing their strength to national unity.However,based on the current social support provided by the government and all sectors of society to this group as well as the actual living conditions of the ethnic minority floating population after they have settled in the city,findings demonstrate there are still many difficulties in building the social support network for them.For instance,i)the work organization system of"Ethnic Homes"is not comprehensive enough;ii)some grassroots staff members need to pay more attention to ethnic work,and departments need to strengthen horizontal linkage;ili)government departments need to step up their formal social support provided to the ethnic minority floating residents;iv)social support provided by social organizations is intermittent and unsustainable;and v)some of the minori

关 键 词：少数民族流动人口 社会支持网 民族之家 构建实证 实践困境 路径探索 

分 类 号：C957[社会学—民族学]