广东韩江潮州段浮游植物群落结构特征与水质评价  

Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment of the Chaozhou Section of Hanjiang River

作　　者：林小植[1] 胡苑玲 王瑞旋 李冬梅[1] 林鸿生[1] 查广才[1] 温茹淑[2] 吴晓琼 LIN Xiao-zhi;HU Yuan-ing;WANG Rui-xuan;LI Dong-mei;LIN Hong-sheng;ZHA Guang-cai;WEN Ru-shu;WU Xiao-qiong(Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou 521041,P.R.China;Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院,广东潮州521041 [2]嘉应学院,广东梅州514015

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第4期52-60,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：广东省教育厅创新强校项目(2018KTSCX134);潮州市科技计划项目(2019GY12);广东省攀登计划专项资金(pd-jh2020b0375);国家自然科学基金(31902416)。

摘　　要：为探究广东韩江潮州市饮用水源保护江段浮游植物群落结构特征及水质富营养化状况,于2019年2月至2020年1月在潮州段设立4个采样点,进行浮游植物调查和水质监测。结果表明,韩江潮州共鉴定出浮游植物8门103属290种,其中绿藻门42属99种,硅藻门21属87种,蓝藻门24属70种。全年有9个月的种类组成以硅藻门为绝对优势种,绿藻门仅在6、9、10月种类数多于硅藻门,表明该江段浮游植物组成为硅藻-绿藻型。浮游植物丰度月变化在0.83×10^(6)~1.99×10^(6)个/L,月均丰度为0.90×10^(6)个/L,全年以硅藻门丰度最高,占47.01%。优势种11种,其中硅藻门5种,隐藻门4种,蓝藻门和裸藻门各1种,颗粒沟链藻(Melosira granulata)是绝对优势种。Shan-non-Wiener多样性指数(H)为3.14~5.08,平均值4.40;Pielou均匀度指数(J)为0.69~0.99,平均值0.87;Margalef丰富度指数(D)为2.60~6.85,平均值5.08,表明水质为轻度污染。Cluster聚类和NMDS排序分析显示,物种构成可分为2个类群,类群I包括2019年2-7月,类群II包括2019年8-12月和2020年1月。Pearson相关性和冗余分析表明,影响浮游植物优势种的水环境因子主要是透明度和亚硝态氮,影响颗粒沟链藻分布的是盐度和水温,影响隐藻门分布的主要是透明度、pH和水温。参照地表水环境质量标准,韩江潮州段为Ⅱ类水,多样性指数显示为轻度污染,浮游植物群落结构和优势物种显示水体为偏中营养型。Hanjiang River is the second largest river in Guangdong Province and serves as the drink-ing water source for eastern Guangdong.In this study,we characterized the phytoplankton community structure and eutrophication status of the Chaozhou section of Hanjiang River,which is the drinking water source for Chaozhou City.From February 2019 to January 2020,phytoplankton and water quality monitoring was carried out monthly at 4 sampling sites,focusing on phytoplankton community structure,dominant species,diversity indices,pollution indicator species and 11 water environment parameters.Our aim was to provide data for aquatic ecosystem evaluation and water quality monitoring of Hanjiang River,and to provide a reference for developing a management strategy for maintaining a healthy and safe environment of drinking water source.A total of 290 phytoplankton species from 103 genera and 8 phyla were identified,including Chlorophyta(99 species,42 genera),Bacillariophyta(87 species,21 genera)and Cyanophyta(70 species,24 genera).While species richness of the diatom phylum was absolutely dominant for nine months of the year,Chlorophyta had higher species richness in June,September and October.Thus,the phytoplankton community of the river section was of the diatom-green algae type.The monthly abundance of phytoplankton varied from 0.83×10^(6) to 1.99×10^(6) cells/L,with an average abundance of 0.90×10^(6) cells/L.The abundance of diatoms was the highest,accounting for 47.01%of the total.There were 11 dominant species identified during the investigation,consisting of 5 Bacillariophyta species,4 Cryptophyta species,1 Cyanophyta species and 1 Euglena species,among which Melosira granulata was the absolutely dominant species.The Shannon-Wiener diversity(H),Pielou evenness(J)and Margalef richness(D)indices were in the range of 3.14-5.08,0.69-0.99 and 2.60-6.85,with the average values of 4.40,0.87 and 5.08,respectively,indicating a slightly pollut-ed condition.Cluster analysis and NMDS ordination results show that phytoplankton commun

关 键 词：浮游生物 群落结构 水环境 季节动态 韩江潮州段 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学] X824[生物学—普通生物学]