不同洪水阶段对升金湖后生浮游动物群落结构特征的影响  

Effects of Different Flood Stages on Metazooplankton Community Structure in Shengjin Lake

作　　者：陈晶雯 郑旭东 郭文莉 周忠泽[1] CHEN Jing-wen;ZHENG Xu-dong;GUO Wen-i;ZHOU Zhong-ze(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第4期61-69,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：长江生态环境保护修复联合研究项目(第一期)(2019-LHYJ-01-0212、2019-LHYJ-01-0212-17)。

摘　　要：为了解不同洪水阶段对升金湖后生浮游动物群落结构特征的影响,2020年7月初(洪水前)、7月下旬(洪水形成期)、8月中旬(洪水中期)和9月下旬(洪水后)在升金湖湖区水域24个采样点进行后生浮游动物采样调查。研究期间共采集到后生浮游动物20科50属86种,其中轮虫11科29属55种,枝角类5科13属23种,桡足类4科8属8种。方差分析显示后生浮游动物密度在不同洪水阶段差异极显著(F=8.301,P<0.01)。4个阶段轮虫共同优势种为暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla)、广生多肢轮虫(Polyarthra vulgaris)、圆筒异尾轮虫(Trichocera cylindri-ca)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、裂痕龟纹轮虫(Anuraeopsis fissa),枝角类共同优势种为简弧象鼻溞(Bos-mina coregoni)、颈沟基合溞(Bosminopsis deitersi)、脆弱象鼻溞(Bosmina fatalis),桡足类4个阶段没有共同优势种。后生浮游动物密度和生物量平均值分别为(2170.20±506.74)个/L和(7.79±2.04)mg/L。平均密度和平均生物量峰值均出现在洪水前,最低值分别出现在洪水中期和洪水形成期。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数的变化范围分别为2.37~4.50、2.19~6.50和0.83~1.21。Pearson相关性分析结果表明后生浮游动物密度与电导率、水深呈显著负相关,生物量与溶解氧、电导率、水深、浊度呈显著负相关,与总氮含量、硝氮含量呈显著正相关。研究揭示了不同洪水阶段对通江湖泊后生浮游动物的影响:洪水改变了湖泊后生浮游动物的物种组成及优势种,且显著影响后生浮游动物的密度及多样性。Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve in Anhui Province is connected to Yangtze River.It is a typical freshwater lake-wetland system,but of international importance.In this study,we charac-terized the metazooplankton community structure in Shengjin Lake at the different flood stages dictated by Yangtze River flow,explored how the metazooplankton community was affected and identified the primary influencing environment factors.The aim of the study was to provide basic data and a theoreti-cal reference for managing and researching the stabilization mechanism of lakes connected to Yangtze River.In 2020,metazooplankton and water quality were monitored at 24 sampling sites in Shengjin Lake during the four flood phases:In early July before flooding(Phase 1),late July as flooding began(Phase 2),middle August while flooded(Phase 3)and late September after flooding(Phase 4).During the study period,a total of 86 metazooplankton species belonging to 50 genera and 20 families were identified,including 55 rotifer species from 29 genera and 11 families,23 cladoceran species from 13 genera and 5 families,and 8 copepod species from 8 genera and 4 families.The species number of iden-tified rotifers,cladocerans and copepods were,respectively:51,21 and 8 in Phase 1;40,15 and 7 in Phase 2;43,14 and 8 in Phase 3;37,16 and 7 for Phase 4.The dominant species of rotifers common to all four stages were Trichocerca pusilla,Polyarthra vulgaris,Trichocerca cylindrica,Keratella co-chlearis,Anuraeopsis fissa,the common dominant species of cladocerans were Bosmina coregoni,Bos-minopsis deitersi and Bosmina fatalis,and there were no dominant copepod species common to all peri-ods.Variance analysis shows that metazooplankton density varied significantly among the four flood stages(F=8.301,P<0.01).The average density and biomass of metazooplankton were(2170.20±506.74)ind/L and(7.79±2.04)mg/L,with the peak values both occurring in Phase 1,the lowest densi-ty in Phase 3 and the lowest biomass in Phase 2.The ranges of Shannon-Wiener diversity,Marg

关 键 词：后生浮游动物 群落结构 环境因素 洪水 升金湖 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]