额尔齐斯河河鲈鳃部寄生鲈锚钩吸虫的分布特点  

Distribution Characteristics of Ancyrocephalus percae Parasitizing Perca fluviatilis in Ergis River,China

作　　者：穆妮热·喀迪尔 郝翠兰[1] 喀迪尔丁·艾尔肯 魏念文 容梦婕 张文润 田胜利 冯龙基 刘彦君 刘豆豆 岳城[1] KADIR Munira;HAO Cui-an;ERKEN Kadirdin;WEI Nian-wen;RONG Meng-jie;ZHANG Wen-run;TIAN Sheng-i;FENG Long-ji;LIU Yan-jun;LIU Dou-dou;YUE Cheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第4期132-140,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860738,31960737);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01B56)。

摘　　要：应用形态学和分子生物学方法对寄生于额尔齐斯河河鲈(Perca fluviatilis)鳃部的锚首虫进行鉴定分析,可为河鲈的生态保护和病害防治提供基础资料。2020年9月至2021年6月对97尾额尔齐斯河河鲈寄生的锚首虫进行了调查,发现河鲈鳃部有锚首虫物种寄生,经形态学和分子生物学鉴定确定为鲈锚钩吸虫(Ancyrocephalus per-cae)。运用统计学方法对河鲈鳃部寄生的鲈锚钩吸虫的总体、不同体长段的感染情况进行统计,进一步分析其分布特点。结果显示,河鲈共感染了1种锚首虫,为鲈锚钩吸虫,总感染率、平均感染强度和平均感染丰度分别为18.56%、(2.78±3.17)只/尾和(0.52±1.7)只/尾,左鳃及右鳃的感染率分别为12.37%和13.40%,两者之间的感染丰度无显著性差异(P>0.05);各鳃片中的平均感染强度和平均感染丰度值相差不大;鲈锚钩吸虫在所有体长组之间及左鳃Ⅳ各体长组之间的感染丰度呈显著性差异(P<0.05);鲈锚钩吸虫对宿主左右鳃没有选择偏好性,且在宿主种群中的分布类型为聚集分布和均匀分布,其中聚集分布为主要类型,仅有左鳃Ⅰ和鳃Ⅲ、右鳃Ⅱ、L≤8 cm体长组中呈现均匀分布。In this study,wild Perca fluviatilis in the Chinese section of Ergis River was studied,and we characterized the infection status and distribution characteristics of Ancyrocephalus percae parasitizing P.fluviatilis.From September 2020 to June 2021,sampling of P.fluviatilis was carried out on three occa-sions.The specimens collected were divided into four length groups(L≤8 cm,8 cm<L≤14 cm,14 cm<L≤20 cm,L>20 cm).The left and right gills of each specimen were sampled and slices from each gill were la-belled as gill I,gill II,gill III and gill IV.Parasites found in the gills were identified as A.percae flukes by morphology and molecular biology analysis.Statistical methods were used to analyze parasite counts in gill slices of P.fluviatilis in the four body length groups and their spatial distribution was characterized.A total of 97 P.fluviatilis specimens were collected and only 18 were infected by A.percae fluke.The total infection rate,average infection intensity and average infection abundance were 18.56%,2.78±3.17(range,1-13)and 0.52±1.7 respectively.The difference in infection rates between left gill(12.37%)and right gill(13.40%)was not significant,and the difference of average infection intensity and abundance be-tween the right and left gill slices were small.The infection rate and average infection abundance of A.per-cae flukes in the different body length groups of P.fluviatilis increased with host body length,and the highest infection rate(38.46%)and infection intensity(1-13)were in the L>20 cm group.The infection abundance of A.percae was significantly different among all body length groups and left gill IV of differ-ent body length groups(P<0.05).A.percae had no preference for the left and right gills of the host,and the population of A.percae exhibited an aggregated and uniform distribution in all four P.fluviatilis length groups,in which aggregated distribution was the dominant distribution pattern.Only the left gill I and gill III,right gill II of different body length groups and body length of

关 键 词：鲈锚钩吸虫 河鲈 鳃部 分布特点 额尔齐斯河 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖]