青海省和内蒙古草原蝗虫痘病毒自然资源调查  

Investigation of entomopoxviruses in natural grasshopper populations in Qinghai Province and Inner Mongolia

作　　者：蒋静怡 徐瑶 王梦圆 杨忠 杨海 江中东 曹川 Jiang Jingyi;Xu Yao;Wang Mengyuan;Yang Zhong;Yang Hai;Jiang Zhongdong;Cao Chuan(Department of Entomology,College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Wuchuan Quality and Safety Center of Agricultural and Animal Products,Hohhot 011700,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Taipusi Banner Grassland Workstation,Xilingol 027000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Service Center of Hongqi Town,Taipusi Banner,Xilingol 027000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Taipusi Banner Comprehensive Service Center of Modern Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Xilingol 027000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系,北京100193 [2]内蒙古武川县农畜产品质量安全中心,呼和浩特011700 [3]内蒙古太仆寺旗草原工作站,锡林郭勒027000 [4]内蒙古太仆寺旗红旗镇农牧业服务中心,锡林郭勒027000 [5]内蒙古太仆寺旗现代农牧业综合服务中心,锡林郭勒027000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第3期651-658,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

摘　　要：为了解我国草原蝗虫中昆虫痘病毒的自然分布情况,于2018年、2019年和2021年在青海省环青海湖地区和内蒙古自治区太仆寺旗共采集8种优势蝗虫,通过镜检手段、巢式PCR技术以及蔗糖梯度离心法鉴定、检测并提取昆虫痘病毒,并测定其对宿主的致死效果。结果表明,在青海省分布的白纹雏蝗Chorthippus albonemus、狭翅雏蝗Chorthippus dubius和在内蒙古自治区分布的毛足棒角蝗Dasyhippus barbipes、锡林蛛蝗Aeropedellus xilinensis四种蝗虫中检测到昆虫痘病毒,自然感染率在5.19%~34.65%之间;其中在毛足棒角蝗种群中检测到的昆虫痘病毒自然感染率最高,为34.65%;其次是采集自同一地区的锡林蛛蝗,昆虫痘病毒自然感染率为20.00%;青海省分布的狭翅雏蝗和白纹雏蝗种群中昆虫痘病毒自然感染率较低。从毛足棒角蝗中分离出有较高致病性的昆虫痘病毒,饲喂该病毒处理小麦叶片后10 d毛足棒角蝗4龄若虫的存活率低于10.00%,表明该病毒具有开发为蝗虫生物防治制剂的潜力。To investigate the natural distribution of entomopoxviruses in grasshoppers,the natural popu-lations of eight dominant species of grasshoppers around the Qinghai Lake areas in Qinghai Province and Taipusi Banner of Inner Mongolia were collected in 2018,2019 and 2021.Microscopic examina-tion,nested PCR and sucrose gradient centrifugation were applied to identify,verify and extract entomo-poxviruses from grasshoppers,and the lethal effect of entomopoxviruses on host was determined.Ento-mopoxviruses were detected in Chorthippus albonemus and Chorthippus dubius from Qinghai and in Dasyhippus barbipes and Aeropedellus xilinensis from Inner Mongolia.The natural infection rate ranged from 5.19%to 34.65%in the four grasshopper species.D.barbipes had the highest infection rate(34.65%),followed by A.xilinensis(20.00%).The natural infection rate of C.albonemus and C.du-bius collected in Qinghai was relatively low.A highly pathogenic entomopoxvirus was isolated from D.barbipes.The survival rate for the fourth instar nymph of D.barbipes was less than 10.00%after ten days post oral infection,suggesting its potential to be developed as a biological control agent.

关 键 词：草原蝗虫 昆虫痘病毒 自然感染率 生物防治 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]