生姜抗姜瘟病品种资源鉴定及其抗病生化机制  

Identification of resistance of ginger varieties to bacterial wilt and its biochemical basis

作　　者：张玲玲 周洁 刘燃 罗怀海 朱永兴 刘奕清 Zhang Lingling;Zhou Jie;Liu Ran;Luo Huaihai;Zhu Yongxing;Liu Yiqing(Spice Corps Research Institute,College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,Hubei Province,China;Tianyuan Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,of Chongqing City,Chongqing 402160,China;Plant Protection Station,Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Institute of Special Plants,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,香辛作物研究院,湖北荆州434000 [2]重庆市田沅农业科技有限公司,重庆402160 [3]四川省农业农村厅植物保护站,成都610041 [4]重庆文理学院特色植物研究院,重庆402160

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第3期767-779,共13页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划(2022BBA0061);湖北省重点研发项目(2021BBA096);荆州市2022年度科技计划(2022BB36)。

摘　　要：为鉴定生姜抗姜瘟病品种并明确其抗病生化机制,采用茎基部注射法和土壤灌根法接种测试22个生姜品种对姜瘟病的抗性水平,以高抗品种CDZIN012和高感品种CDZIN064为材料接种假茄科雷尔氏菌Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum,观察接种后抗、感品种的叶片气孔参数、蜡质含量等组织结构的变化,测定接种后过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性,O2-、H2O2含量及病程相关蛋白几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性的变化。结果显示,22个生姜品种抗性差异明显,其中表现为高抗、中抗、轻抗、感病和高感的品种分别为1、4、4、7和6个;茎基部注射法接种后生姜植株发病更稳定,更适合生姜品种抗性鉴定;感病后抗病品种叶片气孔密度为36.8个/mm^(2),比感病品种少(46.9个/mm^(2)),气孔正常开放;叶片蜡质含量为85.0 mg/g,显著高于感病品种(49.8 mg/g);叶片厚度为167.8μm,比感病品种厚(153.2μm);与感病品种相比,抗病品种根茎组织细胞排列紧密,维管束的数量多、直径大。感病后抗病品种根茎内POD、PPO、SOD、CAT、几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性均显著高于感病品种。表明生姜品种的抗病性与组织结构、防御酶活性及活性氧迸发有关。To estimate the resistance of different ginger varieties against bacterial wilt,22 ginger variet-ies were used for resistance screening with drilling inoculation in stem base and soil inoculation.Then,the stomata,wax content and other structures,defense-related enzyme activities,pathogenesis-related proteins activities were compared between the highly resistant variety CDZIN012 and the highly suscep-tible variety CDZIN064 after inoculated with Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum.The results of the assays of ginger resistance to ginger bacterial wilt showed that the resistance varied significantly among 22 gin-ger cultivars.One cultivar had high resistance,four cultivars were resistance,four cultivars were light resistance,seven cultivars were susceptible resistance and six cultivars were highly susceptible.In addition,drilling inoculation in stem base was more suitable for inoculating with R.pseudosolanacearum than soil inoculation.The stomatal density of leaves of the CDZIN012 was 36.8 n/mm^(2),lower than that in CDZIN064(46.9 n/mm^(2)),and the stomata of CDZIN012 opened normally after infection.The wax content of the leaf was 85.0 mg/g in CDZIN012,which were significantly higher than that in CDZIN064(49.8 mg/g).The lower epidermal cells of the leaves of CDZIN012 were arranged more neatly and tightly than that in CDZIN064.The density of parenchyma cells of the CDZIN012 of the rhi-zome tissue was higher than that of CDZIN064,and the cells were closely arranged;while both the numbers of vascular bundles and the diameter were larger.The activities of the defense-related enzymes of peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),pathogenesis-related proteins ofβ-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in CDZIN012 were markedly higher than in CDZIN064.It is found that the disease resistance of CDZIN012 is related to rhizome tissue structure,defense-related enzymes,reactive oxygen species and disease resistant protein.

关 键 词：姜瘟病 抗性鉴定 组织结构 防御酶活性 活性氧 病程相关蛋白活性 

分 类 号：S436.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]