解构与重构:对马丁·特罗大众化理论的再认识  

Deconstruction and Reconstruction: Revisiting Martin Trow's Theory of Mass Higher Education

作　　者：邬大光 胡艳婷 WU Daguang;HU Yanting(Institute of Education/Center for Teaching and Learning Development,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院/教师发展中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2023年第3期5-14,30,共11页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：2022年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“面向2035年的高校学科优化调整布局研究”(22JZD048)。

摘　　要：马丁·特罗的大众化理论在解释高等教育量变与质变的关系上做出了重要贡献,在众多国家高等教育发展进程中发挥着不同作用。然而,当我们立足中国高等教育发展实际检视大众化理论的预测功能时,发现诸多“水土不服”的问题。这其中有大众化理论自身的局限性问题,也有我们对大众化理论误读的原因,还有中国高等教育发展的“特殊性”问题。因此,在中国高等教育发展规模不断扩大的今天,十分有必要重新解构大众化理论,回到大众化理论的原点,梳理其发展与修正历程,解析大众化理论的内涵与本质,剖析理论自身的局限与不足,分析传播和使用过程中的误解与误用,在中国高等教育的实践观照中重构大众化理论的“中国图式”。Martin Trow's theory of massification has made significant contributions to explaining the relationship between changes in quantity and quality in higher education and has played an essential role in the development of higher education in many countries.However,when examining the predictions of the massification theory based on the actual development of higher education in China,we encounter several"issues of incompatibility".These problems include the limitations of the massification theory itself,the reasons for our misinterpretation of it,and the"specificity"of the development of Chinese higher education.To reconstruct the"Chinese pattern"of massification theory in the context of the ongoing expansion of higher education in China,it is necessary to deconstruct the theory,go back to its roots,sort out its development and revision process,analyze the connotation and essence of the theory,dissect its limitations and deficiencies,and analyze the misunderstandings and misuse in the process of dissemination and application.

关 键 词：马丁·特罗 高等教育 大众化 局限性 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]