商业建筑空调系统参与城市电网负荷调控综述  

Review of Commercial Air Conditioners for Participating in Urban Grid Regulation

作　　者：吴桐 惠红勋 张洪财 WU Tong;HUI Hongxun;ZHANG Hongcai(State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things in Smart City(University of Macao),Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]智慧城市物联网国家重点实验室(澳门大学),中国澳门999078

出　　处：《中国电力》2023年第7期1-11,共11页Electric Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52007200);澳门特别行政区科学技术发展基金资助项目(0011/2022/AGJ)。

摘　　要：实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的关键在于城市电网的经济和高效运行。然而,波动性新能源的增加以及负荷峰谷差的扩大等因素为城市电网带来了挑战。传统发电机组通过频繁调节出力来维持系统的稳定运行,这种方式能效较低,而且还面临可调节资源不足的问题。作为城市电网总耗电量的重要组成部分,商业建筑空调系统有潜力作为调节资源参与电网调控。同时,借助建筑的热储能特性,可以在满足用户室内温度舒适需求的同时进行调控,其潜力巨大。为了更好地发掘商业建筑空调系统的调控能力,展示了典型商业建筑空调系统的单体模型和聚合模型,并概述了商业建筑空调系统的调控潜力评估方法和控制技术。同时还对比分析了国内外的典型商业建筑空调系统示范工程,并针对当前的发展状况提出了一些建议和展望。The key to achieving the goals of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”lies in the economic and efficient operation of urban power grids.However,factors such as the increase of volatile new energy and the widening of load peak-valley differences bring challenges to urban power grids.Traditional power generation units maintain the stable operation of the power system by frequently adjusting their output,which is not only inefficient but also faces a shortage of adjustable resources.As an important part of the total electricity consumption of the urban grids,the air conditioning system of commercial buildings has the potential to act as an adjustable resource involved in grid regulation.Simultaneously,with the thermal storage characteristics of buildings,it can carry out regulation while meeting the comfort needs of indoor temperature for users,demonstrating its immense potential.In order to better tap into the regulatory capacity of the air conditioning system in commercial buildings,the case of both the single and aggregated models of typical commercial building air conditioning systems is shown,and the methods for assessing the potential of these systems for regulation and their control technologies are outlined.A comparative analysis of typical commercial building air conditioning system demonstration projects both at home and abroad is made,and some suggestions and prospects based on the current development situation are also provided.

关 键 词：商业建筑 空调系统 需求响应 负荷调控 削峰填谷 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]