基于差额功率转换的锂电池储能系统建模与可靠性分析  

Modeling and Reliability Analysis of Lithium Battery Energy Storage System Based on Differential Power Conversion

作　　者：郑凯元 张维戈[1] 邓岳 吴学智[1] 荆龙[1] 孙丙香[1] 闫彤 ZHENG Kaiyuan;ZHANG Weige;DENG Yue;WU Xuezhi;JING Long;SUN Bingxiang;YAN Tong(National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center(Beijing Jiaotong University),Haidian District,Beijing 100044,China;China Railway Group Dalian Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116021,Liaoning Province,China;Tongzhou Power Supply Company,State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company,Tongzhou District,Beijing 101100,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心(北京交通大学),北京市海淀区100044 [2]中车大连机车车辆有限公司,辽宁省大连市116021 [3]国网北京电力公司通州供电公司,北京市通州区101100

出　　处：《电网技术》2023年第7期2630-2638,共9页Power System Technology

摘　　要：相较电池储能系统的传统全功率直流转换方案,差额功率转换拓扑构架可以降低功率变换器设计容量、成本及运行损耗,提升锂电池能量存储性能。现有文献对差额功率储能系统容量优化设计、数学模型、可靠性对比及电池充放电特性的深入研究较少。为此,文章通过量化分析锂电池电压范围实现差额功率变换器容量优化设计,建立稳态电路模型及频域模型分析系统可控性、动态特性及稳定性。在此基础上,建立可靠性模型,对比不同储能系统平均失效时间,评价可靠性差异。仿真结果表明,差额功率储能方案可靠性高于传统全功率直流转换储能方案。最终,研制基于全桥移相双向DC-DC变换器的24V差额功率储能系统样机,通过10A恒流充放电实验,验证差额功率储能系统动态特性及充放电运行稳定性。Compared with the traditional full power direct current(DC)conversion scheme of the battery energy storage system(BESS),the differential power conversion framework can reduce the design capacity,cost and operation loss of the power converter,and improve the energy storage capacity of lithium batteries.The existing research on differential power energy storage system is mainly limited to the functional verification level,and there is less research on the theoretical model and reliability of differential power conversion.Therefore,according to the operation principle of the converter and the voltage range of lithium battery,this paper quantitatively analyzes the capacity design range of differential power converter.Then,the steady-state circuit model and frequency domain model are established to analyze the controllability and dynamic characteristics of the system.On this basis,a reliability model is established to calculate the average failure time(MTTF)of energy storage systems with different schemes and evaluate the reliability difference.The simulation results show that the reliability of differential power energy storage scheme is higher than that of full power DC conversion energy storage scheme.Finally,a 24V differential power energy storage system prototype of a single battery based on phase-shifting full bridge(PSFB)bidirectional DC-DC converter is developed.The dynamic characteristics and operation stability of the differential power energy storage system are verified through 10A constant current charge and discharge experiment.

关 键 词：差额功率储能系统 锂电池 隔离型DC-DC变换器 双向全桥移相变换器 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]